CVE-2026-15489: TOKO-ONLINE-ROTI SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2026-15489 Overview

CVE-2026-15489 is a SQL injection vulnerability in RafyMrX TOKO-ONLINE-ROTI affecting the proses/login.php file. The flaw stems from improper handling of the Username parameter, which is passed to a backend SQL query without adequate sanitization. Remote attackers can exploit this issue over the network without authentication or user interaction. Public exploit details are available, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic scanning and abuse. The affected product follows a rolling release model, so no formal version numbers are provided for vulnerable or patched builds. The vendor was contacted before disclosure but did not respond.

Critical Impact
Unauthenticated remote attackers can inject SQL through the login form and potentially read, modify, or exfiltrate database records including credentials.

Affected Products

RafyMrX TOKO-ONLINE-ROTI up to commit ddfe1cd587be0a0b5135d8b6e85cce2ec3aece99
The vulnerable component is proses/login.php
Rolling release: no formal version boundary published

Discovery Timeline

2026-07-12 - CVE-2026-15489 published to NVD
2026-07-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-15489

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is a SQL injection flaw classified under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The proses/login.php script processes login submissions and incorporates the Username request parameter directly into a SQL statement. Because the input is not parameterized or escaped, attackers can alter query logic by supplying crafted values. Successful exploitation exposes the underlying database to unauthorized read and write operations.

The impact spans confidentiality, integrity, and availability of database contents. Attackers commonly use login-form SQL injection to enumerate users, bypass authentication using boolean or UNION-based payloads, and extract password hashes. Because the endpoint is pre-authentication, no valid account is required to reach the vulnerable code path.

Root Cause

The root cause is the concatenation of untrusted user input into a SQL query string within proses/login.php. Prepared statements with bound parameters are not used, and input validation on the Username field is missing or insufficient. This design defect allows metacharacters such as single quotes, comment sequences, and boolean operators to change the intended query structure.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based. An attacker sends an HTTP POST request to the login endpoint with a malicious Username value, for example a payload containing a single quote followed by SQL logic such as OR 1=1 --. The backend concatenates the payload into the authentication query, causing the database to evaluate attacker-controlled logic. From here, adversaries can escalate to UNION-based extraction of arbitrary tables or blind time-based techniques against MySQL or MariaDB backends.

See the VulDB entry for CVE-2026-15489 and the VulDB vulnerability record #377796 for additional technical detail.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-15489

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP POST requests to proses/login.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the Username field
Database error messages returned in HTTP responses referencing MySQL, MariaDB, or PDO syntax errors following login attempts
Unusual outbound database query volumes or long-running queries traced back to the login handler
Repeated failed authentication attempts with anomalous username lengths or non-printable characters

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect the Username POST parameter for SQL injection patterns and reject requests containing common tautology or UNION payloads
Enable verbose web server access logging and alert on requests to proses/login.php where request bodies contain suspicious characters
Instrument the database with query logging to correlate anomalous SELECT statements originating from the login flow

Monitoring Recommendations

Baseline normal login request patterns and alert on statistical deviations in request size, frequency, or parameter entropy
Monitor for post-exploitation behavior such as new administrative accounts, unexpected password hash reads, or dump-style queries against users tables
Forward web and database logs to a centralized analytics platform for correlation and long-term retention

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-15489

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict public access to the TOKO-ONLINE-ROTI application until a code fix is deployed, using network ACLs or VPN gating
Deploy WAF signatures that block SQL injection payloads against proses/login.php
Audit database accounts used by the application and enforce least privilege so the web user cannot read or alter sensitive tables
Rotate credentials and review database logs for signs of prior exploitation

Patch Information

No vendor patch is available. The vendor did not respond to disclosure attempts, and the project uses a rolling release without versioned advisories. Operators should apply source-level fixes in proses/login.php by replacing string concatenation with parameterized queries using PDO prepared statements or mysqli_stmt_bind_param. Input should also be validated against an allowlist of expected characters before being passed to the database layer.

Workarounds

Place the application behind a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering enabled
Modify proses/login.php locally to use prepared statements and strict input validation on the Username field
Disable or replace the vulnerable login endpoint with a hardened authentication module until upstream code changes are verified
Move the application off internet-exposed infrastructure if patching is not feasible

bash

# Example: block SQL metacharacters at the reverse proxy (nginx)
location /proses/login.php {
    if ($request_method = POST) {
        if ($request_body ~* "('|--|union|select|sleep\(|benchmark\()") {
            return 403;
        }
    }
    proxy_pass http://backend;
}