CVE-2026-12076: Raytha CMS SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2026-12076 Overview

CVE-2026-12076 is a SQL Injection vulnerability in Raytha CMS affecting the OData filter parsing pipeline. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary SQL statements that execute against the underlying PostgreSQL database. Successful exploitation results in full database compromise, including extraction of stored credentials and sensitive content. The issue is confirmed in Raytha CMS version 1.5.2 but may affect additional releases because vendor contact attempts were unsuccessful. The weakness is tracked under [CWE-89] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command). The advisory was published by CERT Polska.

Critical Impact
Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary SQL against the PostgreSQL backend, enabling full database compromise and credential theft.

Affected Products

Raytha CMS 1.5.2 (confirmed)
Earlier Raytha CMS releases (potentially affected, not confirmed)
Deployments backed by PostgreSQL databases

Discovery Timeline

2026-06-30 - CVE CVE-2026-12076 published to NVD
2026-06-30 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-12076

Vulnerability Analysis

Raytha CMS exposes an OData-style query interface that accepts client-supplied filter expressions. The parsing pipeline translates those expressions into SQL fragments that are appended to queries executed against the PostgreSQL backend. Because filter values and operators are not properly neutralized before concatenation, attacker-controlled input escapes the intended query context. This allows arbitrary SQL clauses to be injected into the executed statement. The vulnerability is reachable without authentication over the network, giving any internet-exposed instance a broad attack surface.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements within the OData filter parsing logic [CWE-89]. User-supplied filter tokens are inserted into SQL statements without parameterization or strict validation. As a result, quote characters, comments, and SQL operators embedded in filter arguments alter query semantics rather than being treated as literal data.

Attack Vector

An unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request containing a malicious OData $filter expression to a Raytha CMS endpoint. The injected SQL executes with the privileges of the application's database role, which typically has broad access to the CMS schema. Attackers can enumerate tables, exfiltrate password hashes and session data, modify content, and, depending on PostgreSQL role permissions, chain into further post-exploitation activity. No user interaction is required.

Detailed exploitation specifics are described in the CERT Polska Advisory for CVE-2026-12076.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-12076

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests containing OData $filter parameters with SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, -- comments, UNION, or SELECT keywords.
PostgreSQL logs showing unexpected queries referencing system catalogs like pg_catalog.pg_user or information_schema.tables originating from the Raytha application user.
Sudden spikes in query duration or row counts returned from endpoints that expose OData filtering.
Outbound connections from the Raytha application host to unfamiliar destinations after suspicious query activity.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall signatures that inspect OData $filter arguments for SQL injection patterns.
Enable PostgreSQL statement logging (log_statement = 'all') on non-production tiers to baseline legitimate query shapes and alert on deviations.
Correlate application access logs with database logs to identify a single HTTP request that generates anomalous SQL.

Monitoring Recommendations

Monitor authentication tables for unexpected SELECT access, which may indicate credential harvesting attempts.
Alert on HTTP 500 responses from OData endpoints, which frequently indicate injection probing.
Track failed and successful login events after any suspicious OData request to detect credential replay.

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-12076

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to Raytha CMS administrative and OData endpoints using firewall or reverse proxy rules until a fix is available.
Rotate all database credentials, API keys, and administrative passwords stored within the affected Raytha instance.
Review PostgreSQL audit logs for evidence of prior exploitation and preserve logs for incident response.
Reduce the privileges of the database role used by Raytha to the minimum required for CMS operations.

Patch Information

No vendor patch has been published at the time of disclosure. CERT Polska reported that vendor contact attempts were unsuccessful. Monitor the CERT Polska Advisory and the Raytha project site for future updates and apply any released security fix promptly.

Workarounds

Place Raytha CMS behind a web application firewall configured to block SQL metacharacters in OData $filter parameters.
Disable or block the OData query interface at the reverse proxy if it is not required for production functionality.
Enforce network-level authentication such as mTLS or VPN access for any exposed Raytha endpoints.
Deploy PostgreSQL role separation so the CMS database user cannot read sensitive tables outside its schema.

bash

# Example nginx rule to block OData filter requests containing SQL metacharacters
location ~* /odata/ {
    if ($args ~* "(\$filter=.*(--|;|'|union|select|drop|insert|update))") {
        return 403;
    }
    proxy_pass http://raytha_backend;
}