CVE-2025-9399 Overview
CVE-2025-9399 is a SQL injection vulnerability in YiFang CMS versions up to 2.0.5. The flaw resides in the app/logic/L_tool.php file, where the new_url argument is passed to a database query without proper sanitization. Remote attackers with low-privilege access can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit details are publicly disclosed, and the vendor wanglongcn did not respond to coordinated disclosure attempts. The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).
Critical Impact
Authenticated remote attackers can inject SQL queries through the new_url parameter, exposing database contents and potentially altering application data.
Affected Products
- Wanglongcn YiFang CMS versions up to and including 2.0.5
- Component: app/logic/L_tool.php
- CPE: cpe:2.3:a:wanglongcn:yifang:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-08-25 - CVE-2025-9399 published to NVD
- 2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-9399
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability exists in YiFang CMS, an open-source content management system maintained by wanglongcn. The defect is located in app/logic/L_tool.php, which processes the new_url request argument. The application concatenates this user-supplied value directly into a SQL query, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query context and inject malicious SQL syntax.
The attack requires network access and low-level privileges, but no user interaction. Successful exploitation yields limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database. Because the exploit is publicly available and the vendor remains unresponsive, defenders should treat affected installations as exposed.
Root Cause
The root cause is improper neutralization of special characters in the new_url parameter before it reaches the database layer. The function in L_tool.php lacks parameterized queries or input sanitization. As a result, SQL metacharacters supplied by the attacker are interpreted by the database engine as query syntax rather than data.
Attack Vector
An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint handled by L_tool.php, supplying SQL payloads in the new_url parameter. The injected statements execute with the privileges of the database user configured for the CMS. Attackers can enumerate tables, exfiltrate user credentials, and modify content. Technical proof-of-concept details are documented in the GitHub PoC Repository and VulDB Entry #321235.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-9399
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual HTTP requests containing SQL metacharacters such as ', UNION, SELECT, or -- in the new_url parameter
- Web server access logs referencing app/logic/L_tool.php with abnormal query strings
- Database error messages or stack traces returned in HTTP responses
- New or modified database records inconsistent with normal CMS activity
Detection Strategies
- Inspect web server and application logs for requests targeting L_tool.php with encoded SQL syntax in the new_url argument
- Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) signature that flags SQL injection patterns on this endpoint
- Correlate authentication events with anomalous database query volume from the CMS service account
Monitoring Recommendations
- Forward CMS application and web server logs to a centralized log platform for retention and search
- Alert on repeated 500-series HTTP responses from L_tool.php, which often indicate failed injection attempts
- Monitor outbound network traffic from the CMS host for signs of data exfiltration following suspicious requests
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-9399
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to YiFang CMS administrative endpoints using firewall rules or VPN gating
- Audit app/logic/L_tool.php for use of the new_url parameter and apply input validation or parameterized queries
- Rotate database credentials used by the CMS if exploitation is suspected
- Review database audit logs for unauthorized SELECT, UPDATE, or DROP statements originating from the CMS account
Patch Information
No official vendor patch has been published. The vendor wanglongcn did not respond to disclosure attempts. Operators should monitor the project repository for upstream fixes and consider migrating to an alternative CMS if no patch becomes available.
Workarounds
- Apply a WAF rule that blocks SQL injection signatures on requests reaching L_tool.php
- Enforce least-privilege permissions on the database account used by YiFang CMS to limit damage from successful injection
- Disable or remove the affected functionality in L_tool.php if it is not required for operations
- Place the CMS behind an authenticating reverse proxy to reduce attack surface
# Example ModSecurity rule blocking SQL injection patterns on the vulnerable endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /app/logic/L_tool.php" \
"chain,deny,status:403,id:1009399,msg:'CVE-2025-9399 SQLi attempt'"
SecRule ARGS:new_url "@detectSQLi" "t:none,t:urlDecodeUni"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
