CVE-2025-9025: Simple Cafe Ordering System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-9025 Overview

CVE-2025-9025 is a SQL injection vulnerability in code-projects Simple Cafe Ordering System version 1.0. The flaw resides in the /portal.php script, where the ID parameter is concatenated into a database query without proper sanitization. An authenticated remote attacker can manipulate the ID argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The issue is categorized under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). Public disclosure of the exploit technique increases the risk of opportunistic exploitation against exposed instances.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can execute arbitrary SQL queries against the application database through the ID parameter in /portal.php, enabling data exposure or modification.

Affected Products

Fabian Simple Cafe Ordering System 1.0
CPE: cpe:2.3:a:fabian:simple_cafe_ordering_system:1.0
Component: fabian:simple_cafe_ordering_system

Discovery Timeline

2025-08-15 - CVE-2025-9025 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-9025

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the /portal.php endpoint of Simple Cafe Ordering System 1.0. The application accepts a user-supplied ID parameter and incorporates it into a SQL query without parameterization or input validation. Because the query is constructed via string concatenation, an attacker can break out of the intended query context using SQL meta-characters.

Exploitation requires only low-privilege authentication and network access to the application. Successful injection can return database rows that the attacker is not authorized to view, modify stored records, or enumerate the database schema through union-based or boolean-based techniques. The vulnerability does not directly grant code execution, but stolen credentials or session data may enable further compromise.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of prepared statements or parameter binding when handling the ID GET or POST argument in /portal.php. User input is trusted and passed directly into the SQL query string. This pattern is consistent with [CWE-74] injection weaknesses.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is remote and network-based. An attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /portal.php with malicious payloads appended to the ID parameter, such as boolean conditions, UNION SELECT statements, or time-based blind SQL probes. Public disclosure on the GitHub Issue Discussion and VulDB #320090 documents the exploitation pattern.

No verified proof-of-concept code is included in this advisory. Refer to the referenced disclosures for technical specifics.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-9025

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /portal.php containing SQL meta-characters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the ID parameter.
Web server access logs showing unusually long ID values or URL-encoded SQL keywords.
Database error messages referencing syntax errors triggered by requests to the portal page.
Anomalous outbound database query patterns originating from the application user account.

Detection Strategies

Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection signatures tuned for the ID parameter on /portal.php.
Enable database query logging and alert on queries containing union operations or comment terminators from the application service account.
Correlate authentication events with subsequent malformed request patterns to identify low-privilege accounts probing the endpoint.

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server and PHP error logs to a centralized SIEM for retention and analysis.
Baseline normal /portal.php request patterns and alert on deviations in parameter length or character composition.
Monitor database tables containing customer or order data for unexpected read or modification activity.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-9025

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the Simple Cafe Ordering System portal to trusted users via VPN or IP allowlist.
Audit application accounts and disable any low-privilege accounts that are no longer required.
Review database logs for evidence of prior exploitation against the /portal.php endpoint.

Patch Information

No vendor patch is currently referenced in the NVD record or Code Projects Overview. Organizations using this application should contact the project maintainer or apply source-level fixes by replacing string concatenation in /portal.php with parameterized queries using PDO or mysqli prepared statements. Additional advisory context is available at VulDB CTI ID #320090.

Workarounds

Modify /portal.php to validate that the ID parameter is strictly numeric before use in any SQL statement.
Apply WAF rules that block SQL meta-characters in the ID query parameter until a code fix is deployed.
Run the application database account with the minimum privileges necessary, removing DROP, ALTER, and cross-database access where possible.
Consider taking the application offline if it is exposed to untrusted networks and a code-level fix cannot be applied promptly.

bash

# Example input validation snippet for /portal.php
# Cast ID to integer before query construction
$id = filter_input(INPUT_GET, 'ID', FILTER_VALIDATE_INT);
if ($id === false || $id === null) {
    http_response_code(400);
    exit('Invalid ID');
}
$stmt = $mysqli->prepare('SELECT * FROM orders WHERE id = ?');
$stmt->bind_param('i', $id);
$stmt->execute();