CVE-2025-7158 Overview
CVE-2025-7158 is a SQL injection vulnerability in PHPGurukul Zoo Management System version 2.1. The flaw resides in the /admin/manage-normal-ticket.php script, where the ID parameter is passed directly into a SQL query without proper sanitization. An authenticated attacker with low-privilege access can manipulate the parameter remotely to alter query logic. The exploit technique has been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed instances. The weakness maps to [CWE-74] Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (Injection).
Critical Impact
Remote SQL injection through the ID parameter of manage-normal-ticket.php enables unauthorized read and modification of backend zoo management database records.
Affected Products
- PHPGurukul Zoo Management System 2.1
- CPE: cpe:2.3:a:phpgurukul:zoo_management_system:2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- Administrative interface component /admin/manage-normal-ticket.php
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-07-08 - CVE-2025-7158 published to NVD
- 2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-7158
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability is a SQL injection issue in the administrative ticket management module of PHPGurukul Zoo Management System 2.1. The manage-normal-ticket.php file accepts an ID parameter through an HTTP request and embeds the value in a SQL statement without parameterization or input validation. An attacker submits crafted input containing SQL metacharacters to break out of the intended query context. The database engine then executes attacker-controlled SQL alongside the original statement.
Successful exploitation allows the attacker to enumerate database schemas, extract ticket and customer records, or modify administrative data. The attacker requires low-privilege authenticated access to the admin panel, which limits opportunistic exploitation but does not prevent insider abuse or attacks following credential compromise. The public disclosure includes technical details sufficient to reproduce the injection. The EPSS probability is 0.318%.
Root Cause
The root cause is direct concatenation of the ID request parameter into a SQL statement in manage-normal-ticket.php. The code lacks prepared statements, parameter binding, and type validation. This aligns with [CWE-74] injection weaknesses where untrusted input flows into a downstream interpreter.
Attack Vector
The attack vector is network-based against the administrative interface. An attacker with valid low-privilege credentials sends an HTTP request to /admin/manage-normal-ticket.php with a manipulated ID value containing SQL syntax such as UNION SELECT or boolean-based payloads. No user interaction is required beyond the attacker's own authenticated request. See the GitHub Issue Report and VulDB #315097 for public technical details.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7158
Indicators of Compromise
- HTTP requests to /admin/manage-normal-ticket.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION, SELECT, --, or /* in the ID parameter.
- Web server access logs showing repeated ID parameter values with unusual length, encoded payloads, or time-delay functions like SLEEP() or BENCHMARK().
- Database error messages returned to clients or logged, indicating malformed queries originating from the ticket management endpoint.
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall rules that flag SQL syntax within query parameters targeting /admin/manage-normal-ticket.php.
- Enable database query logging and alert on unexpected UNION, INFORMATION_SCHEMA, or stacked query patterns from the PHP application user.
- Correlate authentication events with anomalous admin panel activity to identify credential misuse preceding injection attempts.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Baseline normal admin session behavior and alert on deviations such as high request rates against manage-normal-ticket.php.
- Retain web server, PHP error, and MySQL general query logs for at least 90 days to support forensic review.
- Monitor outbound connections from the web host for signs of data exfiltration following suspicious admin activity.
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7158
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to the /admin/ directory using IP allowlists or VPN-only reachability until a fix is applied.
- Rotate credentials for all administrative accounts and enforce strong, unique passwords.
- Review database contents and audit logs for signs of unauthorized queries or data modification.
Patch Information
No vendor patch has been published in the referenced advisories at the time of NVD entry. Consult the PHP Gurukul Website for updates. Until an official fix is released, apply the workarounds below and consider migrating to an actively maintained alternative for production use.
Workarounds
- Modify manage-normal-ticket.php to use parameterized queries via PDO or mysqli prepared statements instead of string concatenation.
- Validate that the ID parameter is a positive integer before passing it to any database function, rejecting all non-numeric input.
- Deploy a web application firewall with SQL injection signatures in blocking mode in front of the application.
- Apply least-privilege database permissions so the application account cannot execute schema-level or destructive operations beyond required tables.
# Example Apache configuration to restrict admin path by source IP
<Location "/admin/manage-normal-ticket.php">
Require ip 10.0.0.0/24
Require ip 192.168.10.0/24
</Location>
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
