CVE-2025-69945: Hospital Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-69945 Overview

CVE-2025-69945 is a SQL Injection vulnerability [CWE-89] affecting kishan0725 Hospital Management System version 4.0. The flaw resides in the /doctor/edit-patient.php endpoint, specifically in the handling of the editid request parameter. An unauthenticated remote attacker can inject arbitrary SQL statements through this parameter over the network. Successful exploitation allows attackers to read, modify, or delete records in the underlying database, including patient records and clinical data.

Critical Impact

Remote, unauthenticated attackers can manipulate database queries in the doctor patient-edit workflow, exposing or altering protected health information stored in the Hospital Management System.

Affected Products

• kishan0725 Hospital Management System 4.0
• Deployments exposing /doctor/edit-patient.php to untrusted networks
• Downstream forks that inherit the vulnerable editid parameter handling

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-07-29 - CVE-2025-69945 published to NVD
• 2026-07-30 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-69945

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is a classic SQL Injection issue [CWE-89] in a PHP-based web application. The edit-patient.php script within the doctor module accepts an editid query-string parameter and concatenates its value directly into a SQL statement. Because no parameterized query, prepared statement, or input validation is applied, attacker-controlled input reaches the database driver as executable SQL syntax.

Attackers can use standard tautology payloads, UNION-based extraction, and time-based blind techniques against the editid parameter. The vulnerable request pattern is /doctor/edit-patient.php?editid=1, where the numeric value is treated as raw SQL. The EPSS score is 0.143% at the time of publication, reflecting limited observed exploitation attempts.

Root Cause

The root cause is unsafe construction of SQL queries. The editid parameter is embedded directly into a query without prepared statements or type casting. The application also lacks server-side authorization checks that would restrict doctor module endpoints to authenticated clinicians, broadening the attack surface.

Attack Vector

Exploitation is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker sends a crafted HTTP GET request to /doctor/edit-patient.php with a malicious editid value. See the GitHub SQL Injection Analysis for the tainted data-flow trace from HTTP input to the vulnerable query.

No verified proof-of-concept code is published for this CVE. The vulnerability mechanism is described in prose to avoid fabricated payloads.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-69945

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /doctor/edit-patient.php where editid contains SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION, SELECT, SLEEP(, or comment sequences (--, #, /*).
• Unusually long or URL-encoded editid values in web-server access logs.
• Web-server 500 errors or database syntax errors correlated with requests to the doctor module.
• Outbound database connections producing large result sets tied to edit-patient.php requests.

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules that inspect the editid parameter for SQL syntax and known injection patterns.
• Enable database query logging and alert on queries originating from edit-patient.php that reference system tables such as information_schema.
• Correlate access logs with authentication events to identify unauthenticated requests hitting the doctor module.

Monitoring Recommendations

• Forward Apache, Nginx, and MySQL logs to a centralized analytics platform for continuous inspection.
• Baseline normal editid values as integers and alert on any non-numeric input.
• Monitor for spikes in requests to /doctor/edit-patient.php from single source IPs, which often indicate automated SQLi tooling such as sqlmap.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-69945

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network exposure of the Hospital Management System to trusted networks or place it behind a VPN.
• Enforce authentication and role-based access control on all endpoints under the /doctor/ directory.
• Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection payloads targeting the editid parameter until source code is patched.

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been published in the referenced advisory data. Operators should apply source-level remediation by replacing string concatenation in edit-patient.php with parameterized queries using PHP Data Objects (PDO) or MySQLi prepared statements. Cast editid to an integer before use and enforce strict input validation.

Workarounds

• Modify edit-patient.php to cast editid using (int)$_GET['editid'] before any SQL usage.
• Refactor database access to use PDO::prepare() with bound parameters for all queries in the doctor module.
• Disable the edit-patient.php endpoint if the patient-edit workflow is not required in the deployment.
• Apply least-privilege database credentials so the web user cannot access or modify tables outside the application schema.

# Configuration example: block non-numeric editid values at the reverse proxy (nginx)
location = /doctor/edit-patient.php {
    if ($arg_editid !~ "^[0-9]+$") {
        return 403;
    }
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
}