CVE-2025-64387: Web Application Clickjacking Vulnerability

CVE-2025-64387 Overview

CVE-2025-64387 is a clickjacking vulnerability [CWE-1021] affecting a web application interface. An attacker can embed the vulnerable page inside an attacker-controlled page, tricking users into performing unintended actions. External references associate the disclosure with a CIRCUTOR industrial IoT device and researchers connected to S21sec (Thales Group). The flaw allows adversaries to hijack user interface clicks, potentially capturing credentials submitted through what appears to be a legitimate form.

Critical Impact
Attackers can frame the vulnerable web interface to trick authenticated users into clicking hidden UI elements or submitting credentials to an attacker-controlled overlay.

Affected Products

CIRCUTOR industrial IoT gateway (see CIRCUTOR IoT Product Page)
Web management interface exposed by the affected device
Vendor and version details are not enumerated in the NVD record

Discovery Timeline

2025-10-31 - CVE-2025-64387 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-64387

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability stems from missing UI redressing protections on the web application. The application does not enforce anti-framing controls, so a remote attacker can load the target page inside an <iframe> on a malicious site. The attacker then overlays deceptive content, aligning invisible or transparent frames above visible bait elements.

When a victim interacts with the attacker's page, clicks and keystrokes are delivered to the framed application in the user's authenticated context. This enables unauthorized state changes, credential capture through spoofed login prompts, and abuse of privileged functions available to the logged-in user. Exploitation requires user interaction but no authentication on the attacker side.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of framing restrictions on responses returned by the web application. The application does not set an X-Frame-Options header or a Content-Security-Policy with a frame-ancestors directive. Without these controls, browsers permit any origin to embed the application, which enables the UI redressing chain described in CWE-1021: Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires the victim to visit an attacker-controlled page while authenticated to the vulnerable application. The attacker crafts an HTML page that frames the target interface and layers deceptive UI elements above sensitive controls. Common exploitation patterns include hijacking configuration changes, forcing authenticated form submissions, and phishing credentials through overlayed login prompts. Additional context is available in the HackRTU Blog on CG 0-Day.

No verified exploit code is published in the NVD reference set, so the mechanism is described in prose only.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-64387

Indicators of Compromise

Outbound HTTP referrers to the device management interface originating from unexpected third-party domains
Browser console errors or session anomalies reported by administrators after visiting external links
Unexplained configuration changes on the affected device coinciding with administrator browsing activity

Detection Strategies

Inspect HTTP responses from the management interface for missing X-Frame-Options and Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors headers
Deploy web proxy or NDR rules that flag requests to the device UI carrying Referer headers from unknown origins
Correlate administrator authentication events with subsequent state-changing requests that lack the expected navigation path

Monitoring Recommendations

Log and review all administrative actions taken against the affected web interface, with attention to unusual timing
Monitor egress traffic from administrator workstations for connections to newly registered or low-reputation domains
Enable browser telemetry to surface framed navigation events targeting internal management URLs

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-64387

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the device management interface to trusted management networks only
Instruct administrators to log out of the interface immediately after use and to avoid browsing untrusted sites in the same session
Deploy a reverse proxy in front of the affected interface to inject anti-framing response headers until a vendor patch is available

Patch Information

No vendor patch is enumerated in the NVD record at the time of publication. Consult the Thales Group Security Resource and the CIRCUTOR IoT Product Page for vendor advisories and firmware updates.

Workarounds

Terminate the management interface with a reverse proxy that adds X-Frame-Options: DENY and Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors 'none'
Isolate management access using a dedicated administrative workstation or jump host with no general web browsing
Enforce short session lifetimes and require re-authentication for sensitive configuration changes

bash

# Example NGINX reverse-proxy snippet to add anti-framing headers
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name device.internal.example;

    location / {
        proxy_pass https://device-backend;
        add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY" always;
        add_header Content-Security-Policy "frame-ancestors 'none'" always;
    }
}