CVE-2025-58586: Sick Baggage Analytics Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-58586 Overview

CVE-2025-58586 is a username enumeration vulnerability affecting multiple SICK analytics products. The application returns distinct error messages for failed login attempts, differentiating between an incorrect password and a non-existent username. An unauthenticated remote attacker can iterate over candidate usernames and observe the response differences to identify valid accounts. Once valid usernames are collected, attackers can stage credential stuffing, password spraying, or targeted phishing campaigns. The flaw is tracked under CWE-204: Observable Response Discrepancy.

Critical Impact
Unauthenticated network attackers can enumerate valid usernames across SICK analytics platforms, enabling follow-on brute-force and phishing attacks against confirmed accounts.

Affected Products

SICK Baggage Analytics
SICK Enterprise Analytics
SICK Logistic Diagnostic Analytics
SICK Package Analytics and SICK Tire Analytics

Discovery Timeline

2025-10-06 - CVE-2025-58586 published to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-58586

Vulnerability Analysis

The affected SICK analytics applications expose a login interface that responds differently depending on the failure reason. Submitting a valid username with an incorrect password produces one error message, while submitting a username that does not exist produces another. This observable difference allows an attacker to distinguish valid accounts from invalid ones without any prior credential knowledge.

The attack requires only network access to the login endpoint and no user interaction. Because the discrepancy is exposed pre-authentication, attackers can automate enumeration at scale using standard HTTP clients. The confidentiality impact is limited to disclosure of account identifiers, but that disclosure directly enables higher-impact secondary attacks.

Root Cause

The root cause is inconsistent error handling in the authentication workflow. Rather than returning a single generic message such as "invalid username or password" for all failure conditions, the application propagates the underlying reason to the client. This violates the principle that authentication failures should be indistinguishable to unauthenticated callers, as codified in CWE-204.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends successive login requests to the target application using a wordlist of candidate usernames paired with an arbitrary password. Responses containing the "user does not exist" variant are discarded. Responses containing the "incorrect password" variant confirm the username exists. The attacker builds a list of validated usernames for use in later brute-force or social engineering campaigns.

No exploit code is required beyond a scripted HTTP client, and no authentication is needed to reach the vulnerable endpoint. See the SICK CSAF Document (PDF) for vendor-supplied technical details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-58586

Indicators of Compromise

High-volume sequential POST requests to the login endpoint from a single source IP or narrow IP range within a short time window.
Repeated authentication failures across a broad set of usernames, each with a small number of password attempts.
Login failure response patterns showing a mix of "user not found" and "incorrect password" outcomes indicative of enumeration probing.

Detection Strategies

Instrument the web application or reverse proxy to log the specific authentication failure reason returned to the client, then alert on skewed ratios between the two error classes.
Correlate source IPs, User-Agent strings, and request timing to identify scripted enumeration behavior against SICK analytics login endpoints.
Feed authentication logs into a SIEM and apply threshold rules for failed logins per source, per username, and per time window.

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable verbose authentication logging on all SICK analytics deployments and forward events to a centralized logging platform.
Monitor for reconnaissance patterns preceding credential stuffing, including access from anonymizing proxies, hosting providers, or known scanner infrastructure.
Review vendor advisories at the SICK PSIRT portal for updated indicators and detection guidance.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-58586

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the vendor-supplied update referenced in the SICK CSAF advisory sca-2025-0010 as soon as it is available for your deployment.
Restrict network access to the analytics login interface to trusted management networks and VPN clients only.
Enforce account lockout, rate limiting, and CAPTCHA controls on the login endpoint to slow automated enumeration.
Audit existing accounts, disable stale users, and require strong unique passwords with multi-factor authentication where supported.

Patch Information

Refer to the vendor advisory at SICK PSIRT and the machine-readable SICK CSAF Document (JSON) for fixed version details and upgrade instructions specific to Baggage Analytics, Enterprise Analytics, Logistic Diagnostic Analytics, Package Analytics, and Tire Analytics.

Workarounds

Place the affected applications behind a web application firewall configured to normalize authentication error responses to a single generic message.
Segment the analytics platform per CISA ICS Recommended Practices, isolating it from general corporate and internet-facing networks.
Implement source-IP rate limiting and geofencing on the login endpoint to reduce enumeration throughput.
Follow the SICK Cybersecurity Operating Guidelines for defense-in-depth configuration recommendations.

bash

# Example: rate-limit login attempts at an NGINX reverse proxy
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login_zone:10m rate=5r/m;

server {
    location /login {
        limit_req zone=login_zone burst=5 nodelay;
        proxy_pass http://sick_analytics_backend;
    }
}