CVE-2025-5375 Overview
CVE-2025-5375 is a SQL injection vulnerability in PHPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System 2.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/registered-users.php script, where the del parameter is passed unsanitized into a database query. An authenticated attacker with low privileges can manipulate this parameter remotely to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks against exposed installations. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements).
Critical Impact
A remote attacker can inject SQL through the del parameter in /admin/registered-users.php to read, modify, or delete records in the birth certificate database.
Affected Products
- PHPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System 2.0
- Vendor: PHPGurukul
- Vulnerable component: /admin/registered-users.php (parameter del)
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-05-31 - CVE-2025-5375 published to NVD
- 2025-06-03 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-5375
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability exists in the administrative interface of the PHPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System. The registered-users.php script accepts a del parameter intended to identify a record for deletion. The application concatenates this parameter directly into a SQL query without parameterized statements or input sanitization. This allows an attacker to break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL clauses.
The issue requires authentication at a low privilege level but no user interaction. Exploitation occurs over the network against the admin endpoint. Successful injection can expose registered user data, administrator credentials, and birth certificate records stored in the backend database.
Root Cause
The root cause is improper neutralization of user-supplied input used in a SQL command [CWE-89]. The del HTTP parameter is interpolated into a SQL DELETE or SELECT statement without prepared statements or escaping. PHP's mysqli or PDO parameterized query APIs are not used at this code path, exposing the database query structure to attacker control.
Attack Vector
An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /admin/registered-users.php with a malicious del parameter value. The injected payload can include UNION SELECT clauses to exfiltrate data, boolean-based blind injection patterns, or time-based payloads such as SLEEP() calls. Because the disclosure is public, automated scanners and exploit kits can incorporate this vector against internet-facing installations.
No verified exploit code is available from the references. Refer to the GitHub Issue on CVE and the VulDB #310668 entry for additional technical context.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5375
Indicators of Compromise
- HTTP requests to /admin/registered-users.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION, SELECT, --, or SLEEP( in the del parameter.
- Unexpected DELETE or SELECT query patterns in MySQL slow query or general logs originating from the application user.
- Anomalous administrative session activity from unfamiliar IP addresses targeting the registered users management page.
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules matching SQL injection signatures against the del query parameter on the admin endpoints.
- Enable MySQL general query logging temporarily and review for queries containing concatenated input fragments tied to registered-users.php.
- Correlate authentication logs with subsequent HTTP requests to identify low-privilege accounts probing administrative URLs.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Monitor outbound database traffic for unusual result set sizes that may indicate bulk data exfiltration via UNION-based injection.
- Alert on response time anomalies on registered-users.php consistent with time-based blind SQL injection.
- Track failed and successful admin logins to detect credential stuffing prior to exploitation attempts.
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5375
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict access to the /admin/ directory using IP allow-listing or VPN-only access until a vendor patch is applied.
- Audit administrative account credentials and rotate any that may have been exposed.
- Review database logs for evidence of prior injection attempts against registered-users.php.
Patch Information
No official vendor patch is referenced in the NVD entry at the time of publication. Monitor the PHPGurukul website for updated releases of the Online Birth Certificate System addressing CVE-2025-5375. Until a patch is available, treat all installations of version 2.0 as vulnerable.
Workarounds
- Apply a WAF rule that rejects requests to /admin/registered-users.php when the del parameter contains non-numeric characters.
- Modify the application source to use parameterized queries with mysqli_prepare() or PDO prepared statements for the affected query.
- Cast the del parameter to an integer in PHP using (int)$_GET['del'] before any database interaction as a stop-gap input validation control.
# Example Apache mod_rewrite rule restricting del to integers only
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/admin/registered-users\.php$
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (^|&)del=([^0-9&]|%) [NC]
RewriteRule ^ - [F,L]
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
