CVE-2025-4940: Daily College Class Work Report Book SQLi

CVE-2025-4940 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in 1000 Projects Daily College Class Work Report Book version 1.0. This vulnerability exists in the /admin_info.php file, where improper handling of the batch parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL commands. The flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the underlying database, data exfiltration, and manipulation of stored records.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to compromise database confidentiality, integrity, and availability through the unsanitized batch parameter in /admin_info.php.

Affected Products

• 1000 Projects Daily College Class Work Report Book version 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-19 - CVE-2025-4940 published to NVD
• 2025-06-12 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4940

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the /admin_info.php endpoint within the 1000 Projects Daily College Class Work Report Book application. When processing the batch parameter, the application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL syntax, which is then executed by the database engine.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability means that attackers can remotely target vulnerable installations without requiring prior authentication or user interaction. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive academic records, modification of student and class data, or disruption of the application's database operations.

Root Cause

The root cause is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), commonly known as injection. The application directly incorporates user input from the batch parameter into database queries without implementing proper parameterized queries, prepared statements, or input sanitization mechanisms. This fundamental oversight allows malicious SQL code to be interpreted and executed as part of legitimate database operations.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin_info.php endpoint with SQL injection payloads embedded in the batch parameter. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, and exploit details are available, increasing the risk of active exploitation attempts.

The manipulation occurs when the batch parameter value is concatenated directly into SQL query strings. Attackers can leverage standard SQL injection techniques including UNION-based injection, error-based injection, or blind SQL injection to extract data, modify records, or escalate privileges within the database context.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4940

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed HTTP requests to /admin_info.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, DROP, INSERT, or comment sequences (--, /*)
• Database error messages appearing in application logs or responses that expose table structures or query syntax
• Unexpected database queries in SQL server logs, particularly those originating from the web application context
• Anomalous data access patterns or bulk data retrieval from student or class-related database tables

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically targeting SQL injection patterns in the batch parameter
• Implement application-level logging to capture and analyze all requests to /admin_info.php
• Configure database audit logging to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Utilize SentinelOne Singularity Platform to detect suspicious process behavior and network activity indicative of exploitation attempts

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for repeated requests to /admin_info.php with varying payloads
• Set up alerts for database errors or exceptions that may indicate injection attempts
• Track outbound network connections from the database server that could indicate data exfiltration

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4940

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove or restrict access to the /admin_info.php file until a patch is available
• Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure of the vulnerable application
• Deploy WAF rules to block common SQL injection attack patterns
• Audit database logs for any evidence of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2025-06-12, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using 1000 Projects Daily College Class Work Report Book version 1.0 should consider taking the application offline or implementing compensating controls until a security fix is made available. For additional details, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker and VulDB Vulnerability ID #309503.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements or parameterized queries in the application code to prevent SQL injection
• Add server-side input validation to sanitize the batch parameter, rejecting any values containing special SQL characters
• Deploy a reverse proxy with SQL injection detection capabilities in front of the application
• Restrict database user privileges to the minimum required for application functionality, limiting potential damage from successful exploitation

# Example: Restrict access to vulnerable endpoint via Apache .htaccess
<Files "admin_info.php">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
</Files>