CVE-2025-48815: Windows 10 1507 Privilege Escalation Flaw

CVE-2025-48815 Overview

CVE-2025-48815 is a type confusion vulnerability in the Windows Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) Service. The flaw allows an authorized local attacker to elevate privileges on affected Windows systems. The issue is classified under CWE-843, which covers access of resource using incompatible type.

Microsoft assigned this vulnerability a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.8 with the vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Successful exploitation grants an attacker full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local host.

Critical Impact
Authorized local attackers can trigger a type confusion condition in the SSDP Service to elevate privileges and gain SYSTEM-level control on affected Windows and Windows Server versions.

Affected Products

Microsoft Windows 10 (versions 1507, 1607, 1809, 21H2, 22H2)
Microsoft Windows 11 (versions 22H2, 23H2, 24H2)
Microsoft Windows Server 2008, 2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, 2022 23H2, and 2025

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-08 - CVE-2025-48815 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-48815

Vulnerability Analysis

The Windows SSDP Service handles device discovery on local networks using the Simple Service Discovery Protocol. This service runs with elevated privileges and processes structured messages between local components and network peers. The vulnerability arises when the service accesses an internal resource using an incompatible type, matching the CWE-843 type confusion pattern.

Type confusion in a privileged Windows service allows an attacker with a low-privilege authenticated session to manipulate object handling. The service treats a memory region as one type when it was allocated as another. This mismatch typically enables arbitrary read, arbitrary write, or control flow hijacking within the service context.

Because SSDP runs under a privileged account, successful exploitation transitions the attacker from a standard user context to SYSTEM. The attack does not require user interaction.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper type validation when the SSDP Service dereferences or casts a resource. Windows services that expose local IPC endpoints must enforce strict type checks before operating on structures passed across trust boundaries. Missing or inconsistent checks allow crafted inputs to be interpreted as a different structure type than intended.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires local access with low privileges. An attacker sends specially crafted requests to the SSDP Service endpoint. The malformed input triggers the type confusion condition, and subsequent memory operations execute in the security context of the SSDP Service. No user interaction is required, and the attack complexity is low. No public proof-of-concept or exploitation activity has been reported at the time of publication.

Technical details about the specific IPC message or object layout involved are not disclosed by Microsoft. See the Microsoft Security Update CVE-2025-48815 advisory for vendor-provided details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-48815

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected crashes, restarts, or hangs of the SSDPSRV service on Windows endpoints or servers
Process creation events where SYSTEM-context processes are spawned by or immediately after SSDP Service activity
Anomalous local IPC traffic targeting the SSDP Service from low-privileged user sessions
New scheduled tasks, services, or registry persistence keys created shortly after SSDP Service anomalies

Detection Strategies

Monitor Windows Service Control Manager events (Event IDs 7031, 7034, 7036) for the SSDP Discovery Service to identify abnormal restarts.
Correlate low-privilege user process activity with subsequent SYSTEM-context process creation using Sysmon Event ID 1 and Windows Security Event ID 4688.
Baseline expected callers of the SSDP Service and alert on unusual local processes interacting with svchost.exe instances hosting SSDPSRV.

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable command-line auditing and process creation logging on all Windows endpoints and servers.
Forward Windows Security, System, and Sysmon logs to a centralized analytics platform for correlation.
Track privilege escalation patterns where a standard user process precedes a SYSTEM process within a short time window.
Review installed patch levels regularly to confirm that the June 2025 security updates addressing this CVE are applied.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-48815

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the Microsoft security update for CVE-2025-48815 to all affected Windows and Windows Server systems as the primary remediation.
Prioritize patching on multi-user systems, terminal servers, and hosts where untrusted or low-privileged users have interactive access.
Audit local account inventories and remove unnecessary standard user accounts on servers to reduce the attack surface.

Patch Information

Microsoft has released security updates for all affected products. Refer to the Microsoft Security Update CVE-2025-48815 advisory for the specific KB articles and update packages that correspond to each affected Windows version. Systems must be rebooted after patch installation for the fix to take effect.

Workarounds

If patching cannot be applied immediately, disable the SSDP Discovery service (SSDPSRV) on systems where UPnP-based device discovery is not required.
Restrict interactive and remote logon rights for standard users on high-value servers to limit local attack opportunities.
Segment networks to reduce the ability of attackers to gain the initial low-privileged foothold required for local exploitation.

bash

# Disable the SSDP Discovery service on systems where it is not required
sc.exe config SSDPSRV start= disabled
sc.exe stop SSDPSRV

# Verify service status
sc.exe query SSDPSRV