CVE-2025-47631: Hospital Management System Escalation Flaw

CVE-2025-47631 Overview

CVE-2025-47631 is an incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability [CWE-266] in the mojoomla Hospital Management System plugin for WordPress. The flaw allows authenticated users to escalate privileges within the application. According to the Patchstack advisory, the issue affects Hospital Management System versions from 47.0 (20-11-2023) and earlier.

The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 and is network-exploitable with low attack complexity and low privileges required. Successful exploitation compromises confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the hospital management application and any sensitive patient or operational data it stores.

Critical Impact
An authenticated low-privileged user can elevate to a higher-privileged role within the Hospital Management System, gaining unauthorized access to patient records, administrative functions, and configuration settings.

Affected Products

mojoomla Hospital Management System WordPress plugin
Versions 47.0 (released 20-11-2023) and prior
WordPress sites hosting the affected plugin

Discovery Timeline

2025-05-23 - CVE-2025-47631 published to NVD
2026-04-28 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-47631

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability stems from incorrect privilege assignment within the Hospital Management System plugin. The plugin grants role or capability assignments that do not match the user's intended permission level. An authenticated user with low-tier access can obtain rights reserved for administrative or clinical roles.

Incorrect privilege assignment vulnerabilities [CWE-266] occur when an application assigns capabilities, roles, or access tokens without sufficient validation of the requesting user's identity or current role. In WordPress plugins, this commonly manifests through unvalidated role parameters in user creation or profile update handlers.

Because hospital management software handles protected health information, an authenticated attacker who escalates privileges could view, modify, or delete patient records, billing data, appointments, prescriptions, and staff accounts. The high impact rating across confidentiality, integrity, and availability reflects this exposure.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing or incorrect authorization checks during a privilege-granting code path inside the plugin. The application accepts or processes a role assignment without verifying that the requesting principal is authorized to grant that role. Refer to the Patchstack Vulnerability Advisory for advisory-level technical detail.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires the attacker to hold a valid low-privileged account on the target WordPress site. After authentication, the attacker invokes the vulnerable plugin endpoint that mishandles role or capability assignment and elevates their account to a higher-privileged role. No user interaction is required from a victim, and no additional privileges beyond the initial account are needed.

No public proof-of-concept code has been published in the advisory at the time of writing. The vulnerability mechanism is described in prose only; consult the vendor advisory for additional context.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-47631

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected role changes on WordPress user accounts, particularly low-privileged users gaining administrator, editor, or custom clinical roles
New administrative users created by accounts that normally lack user-management capability
Access log entries showing low-privileged sessions invoking Hospital Management System administrative endpoints
Modifications to patient or billing records originating from accounts that should not have write access

Detection Strategies

Audit the wp_usermeta table for wp_capabilities changes that do not correspond to legitimate administrative activity
Monitor WordPress admin-ajax.php and REST API requests targeting hospital-management plugin handlers from non-administrative sessions
Compare current installed plugin version against the patched release listed in the Patchstack advisory

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable WordPress audit logging for user role and capability modifications
Forward web server access logs and PHP error logs to a central SIEM for correlation
Alert on privilege change events occurring outside of approved administrative maintenance windows

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-47631

Immediate Actions Required

Update the mojoomla Hospital Management System plugin to a version newer than 47.0 (20-11-2023) once a patched release is available from the vendor
Review all WordPress user accounts on affected sites and revoke unexpected role assignments
Rotate credentials for any account showing signs of privilege change or unauthorized access
Restrict registration on the WordPress site to reduce the pool of authenticated attackers

Patch Information

Refer to the Patchstack Vulnerability Advisory for current patch availability and the fixed version. Apply the vendor-supplied update through the WordPress plugin manager once published.

Workarounds

Disable the Hospital Management System plugin until a patched version is installed if a fix is not yet available
Restrict access to the WordPress site using IP allow-listing or a web application firewall rule that limits plugin endpoints to trusted networks
Reduce the number of authenticated users and enforce strong authentication including multi-factor authentication for all accounts

bash

# Configuration example: list installed plugin version and disable via WP-CLI
wp plugin get hospital-management --field=version
wp plugin deactivate hospital-management