CVE-2025-4741: Campcodes Sales & Inventory SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-4741 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Sales and Inventory System version 1.0. This vulnerability exists in the /pages/purchase_add.php file, where improper handling of the ID argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL commands. The flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive database information, data manipulation, or further system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to access, modify, or delete database contents, potentially compromising sensitive business data including sales records, inventory information, and customer details.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Sales and Inventory System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-16 - CVE-2025-4741 published to NVD
• 2025-05-28 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4741

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability affects the purchase management functionality within the Campcodes Sales and Inventory System. The /pages/purchase_add.php endpoint fails to properly sanitize the ID parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This lack of input validation creates a classic SQL injection attack surface that can be exploited by remote attackers without requiring any prior authentication or user interaction.

The vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting arbitrary SQL statements through the unvalidated ID parameter. Successful exploitation could enable data exfiltration from the underlying database, modification of business records, or deletion of critical inventory and sales data.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), also classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The application fails to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries when processing the ID argument in the purchase_add.php file. User-supplied input is directly concatenated into SQL statements without sanitization or the use of prepared statements, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query structure and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack can be initiated remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /pages/purchase_add.php endpoint with specially crafted ID parameter values containing SQL injection payloads. The vulnerability requires no authentication, no special privileges, and no user interaction to exploit. Common SQL injection techniques such as UNION-based injection, boolean-based blind injection, or time-based blind injection may be applicable depending on the application's error handling and query structure.

The vulnerability mechanism involves the direct inclusion of user-controlled input into database queries. When the ID parameter is passed to the purchase_add.php script, it is incorporated into SQL statements without proper escaping or parameterization. For detailed technical information and proof-of-concept details, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #309041.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4741

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database query patterns or errors in application logs related to /pages/purchase_add.php
• Unexpected database access attempts or data extraction activities
• HTTP request logs showing suspicious ID parameter values containing SQL syntax characters (quotes, semicolons, UNION statements)
• Database audit logs indicating unauthorized SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations

Detection Strategies

• Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in HTTP parameters
• Monitor application logs for SQL syntax errors or unusual query execution patterns
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns
• Enable database query logging and audit trails to identify suspicious query structures

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for SQL error messages in application logs
• Monitor network traffic to the affected endpoint for anomalous request patterns
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect unauthorized data access
• Review access logs for the /pages/purchase_add.php endpoint for unusual traffic volume or request patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4741

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove or restrict access to the /pages/purchase_add.php endpoint until a patch is available
• Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure of the vulnerable application
• Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Audit database access logs for any signs of prior exploitation

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability at the time of publication. Organizations using Campcodes Sales and Inventory System 1.0 should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. Additional vulnerability details are available through the VulDB entry.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation at the application layer to sanitize the ID parameter before database queries
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF to filter malicious SQL injection payloads
• Restrict network access to the vulnerable application to trusted IP addresses only
• If possible, modify the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database operations involving user input
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected functionality until a proper fix can be implemented

# Example WAF rule to block common SQL injection patterns (ModSecurity syntax)
SecRule ARGS:ID "@detectSQLi" "id:1001,phase:2,block,log,msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in ID parameter'"