CVE-2025-47228: Netmake ScriptCase RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-47228 Overview

CVE-2025-47228 is a shell injection vulnerability in the Production Environment extension of Netmake ScriptCase through version 9.12.006 (23). Authenticated attackers can inject operating system commands through the SSH connection settings by sending crafted HTTP requests. Successful exploitation allows arbitrary command execution on the underlying host with the privileges of the web server process. The flaw is categorized under CWE-78, Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command. Synacktiv researchers published a proof-of-concept demonstrating the issue alongside the related CVE-2025-47227.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can execute arbitrary system commands on ScriptCase Production Environment servers through unsanitized SSH configuration inputs, leading to full host compromise.

Affected Products

Netmake ScriptCase Production Environment extension through 9.12.006 (23)
ScriptCase deployments exposing the Production Environment interface over HTTP/HTTPS
Web servers hosting vulnerable ScriptCase installations

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-05 - CVE-2025-47228 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-47228

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the SSH connection settings handler within the ScriptCase Production Environment extension. User-supplied values submitted through HTTP requests are passed to a shell interpreter without adequate sanitization or argument separation. An authenticated attacker with access to the Production Environment interface can inject shell metacharacters into the SSH configuration fields. When the application invokes the SSH client using these values, the injected payload executes in the context of the web server user. This grants command execution capability, which typically enables lateral movement, data exfiltration, and persistence on the compromised host.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special shell characters ([CWE-78]) when constructing SSH command lines. Input intended for structured SSH parameters is concatenated into a string that is then evaluated by a shell. Absent proper escaping or use of parameterized process execution APIs, characters such as ;, |, &&, and backticks alter the intended command structure.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires authenticated access to the Production Environment interface. The attacker crafts an HTTP request targeting the SSH connection settings endpoint and embeds shell payloads within fields that are later passed to the SSH client invocation. The command executes server-side without additional user interaction. Public proof-of-concept material is available in the Synacktiv PoC repository and the corresponding Synacktiv security advisory.

No verified exploit code is reproduced here. Refer to the Synacktiv advisory for technical details of the injection payload structure.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-47228

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected child processes spawned by the PHP or web server process on ScriptCase hosts, particularly shells such as /bin/sh, /bin/bash, or cmd.exe.
HTTP POST requests to Production Environment endpoints containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &, backticks, $()) in SSH connection parameter fields.
New outbound network connections from the ScriptCase host to attacker-controlled infrastructure following configuration changes.

Detection Strategies

Inspect web server access logs for requests to Production Environment SSH settings endpoints and correlate with process creation events on the host.
Deploy behavioral rules that flag the web server user account executing interactive shells or reconnaissance utilities such as id, whoami, curl, or wget.
Monitor for modifications to ScriptCase configuration files that contain SSH connection strings with embedded command syntax.

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable verbose audit logging on ScriptCase Production Environment components and forward logs to a centralized SIEM for correlation.
Alert on any process lineage where the web server parent spawns command interpreters or network utilities.
Track authenticated session activity for accounts with access to SSH connection management, and review anomalous configuration changes.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-47228

Immediate Actions Required

Upgrade ScriptCase to a release later than 9.12.006 (23) as documented in the ScriptCase Change Log.
Restrict network access to the Production Environment interface using firewall rules or reverse proxy access controls until patching is complete.
Rotate credentials for all accounts with access to the Production Environment and audit recent SSH configuration changes.

Patch Information

Netmake addresses the vulnerability in updated ScriptCase releases. Review the ScriptCase Change Log for the specific fixed version, and consult the Synacktiv Security Advisory for coordinated disclosure details.

Workarounds

Limit Production Environment access to trusted administrators via IP allowlisting on the web server or upstream proxy.
Enforce multi-factor authentication on all ScriptCase administrative accounts to reduce the value of credential compromise.
Run the web server process under a dedicated low-privilege account with restricted filesystem and network permissions to contain post-exploitation impact.

bash

# Example: restrict Production Environment access via nginx allowlist
location /scriptcase/prod/ {
    allow 10.0.0.0/24;
    deny all;
    proxy_pass http://scriptcase_backend;
}