CVE-2025-42965 Overview
CVE-2025-42965 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in SAP Central Management Console (CMC) Promotion Management. An authenticated attacker can submit crafted requests during job source configuration to probe internal network systems. The attacker analyzes response times for different IP addresses and ports to infer which endpoints are reachable. Successful exploitation leads to information disclosure about the internal network topology. The flaw is categorized as [CWE-918] Server-Side Request Forgery. It does not affect the integrity or availability of the application.
Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can enumerate internal hosts and services behind the SAP CMC perimeter through timing-based SSRF, exposing network layout for follow-on attacks.
Affected Products
- SAP CMC Promotion Management
- SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence Platform components exposing Promotion Management
- Refer to SAP Note #3598118 for the exact affected versions
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-07-08 - CVE-2025-42965 published to the National Vulnerability Database
- 2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-42965
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability resides in the job source configuration feature of SAP CMC Promotion Management. The feature accepts user-supplied endpoint parameters and issues outbound requests on behalf of the server. Because the server does not restrict the destination of these requests, an authenticated user can direct them at arbitrary internal IP addresses and ports. The attacker then measures the server's response latency to determine whether the target endpoint exists. Short response times typically indicate a reachable host or an open port, while longer timeouts suggest a filtered or closed service. This blind, timing-based oracle allows systematic enumeration of the internal network.
Root Cause
The root cause is missing destination validation on request parameters processed during job source configuration. The application trusts attacker-controlled input to construct outbound HTTP connections without enforcing an allowlist of permitted hosts or ports. This matches the classic [CWE-918] pattern.
Attack Vector
Exploitation requires network access to the SAP CMC interface and valid authenticated credentials with high privileges. The attacker iterates through target IP addresses and ports in crafted job source requests. By correlating response timing to each probe, the attacker builds a map of live internal systems. No user interaction is required, and the scope changes because the vulnerable component acts on behalf of the server against other systems.
The vulnerability is a blind SSRF exploited through response-time analysis. See SAP Note #3598118 for vendor-provided technical details.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-42965
Indicators of Compromise
- Repeated job source configuration requests from a single authenticated session containing varied internal IP addresses or port numbers
- Outbound connection attempts from the CMC server to RFC1918 ranges or loopback addresses that are not part of normal operations
- Unusual spikes in failed or timed-out outbound HTTP requests originating from the SAP CMC host
Detection Strategies
- Review SAP CMC audit logs for Promotion Management activity that modifies job source endpoints with suspicious URL or host values
- Correlate authenticated user activity with host-level network telemetry to identify probing patterns against internal subnets
- Build analytics that flag high-volume, low-variance request patterns consistent with port and host enumeration
Monitoring Recommendations
- Forward SAP CMC application and audit logs to a centralized SIEM for retention and correlation
- Monitor egress traffic from SAP BusinessObjects servers to internal management networks and alert on unexpected destinations
- Track privileged user sessions interacting with Promotion Management features and establish behavioral baselines
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-42965
Immediate Actions Required
- Apply the fix documented in SAP Note #3598118 following the SAP Security Patch Day guidance
- Audit accounts that hold Promotion Management privileges and remove unnecessary high-privilege grants
- Rotate credentials for any administrative account suspected of misuse against the Promotion Management interface
Patch Information
SAP released a corrective patch referenced in SAP Note #3598118 as part of the SAP Security Patch Day cycle. Administrators should consult the SAP Security Patch Day portal to confirm applicable product versions and download the correct support package.
Workarounds
- Restrict network egress from the SAP CMC server to only required internal destinations using host or perimeter firewall rules
- Limit Promotion Management role assignments to a small set of trusted administrators until the patch is applied
- Place the SAP CMC server in a segmented network zone that cannot reach sensitive management interfaces
# Example egress restriction using iptables on the SAP CMC host
# Allow only required SAP backend subnet; drop other RFC1918 destinations
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d 10.20.30.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d 10.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d 172.16.0.0/12 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j DROP
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
