CVE-2025-41418: TB-eye Network Recorder Buffer Overflow

CVE-2025-41418 Overview

CVE-2025-41418 is a buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-120] affecting multiple versions of TB-eye network recorders and Analog High Definition (AHD) recorders. The flaw resides in the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) processing logic. A remote attacker can send a specially crafted request that triggers abnormal termination of the CGI process. Exploitation requires no authentication and no user interaction, and the vulnerability is reachable over the network.

Critical Impact
Remote unauthenticated attackers can crash the CGI process on affected TB-eye recorders, disrupting the availability of the device's web-based management and monitoring interface.

Affected Products

TB-eye network recorders (multiple versions)
TB-eye AHD recorders (multiple versions)
CGI processing component on affected devices

Discovery Timeline

2025-06-27 - CVE-2025-41418 published to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-41418

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is a classic buffer overflow condition in the CGI request handler used by TB-eye network and AHD recorders. When the CGI process parses a crafted request, input data exceeds the bounds of a fixed-size buffer. The overflow corrupts adjacent memory and terminates the CGI process abnormally.

Based on the available advisory information, the observed impact is limited to availability of the CGI service. Confidentiality and integrity are not reported as impacted. The Common Weakness Enumeration classification is [CWE-120], Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input. See the JVN Security Advisory for vendor coordination details.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing or insufficient bounds checking in the CGI input parsing routines. The affected code copies attacker-supplied request data into a fixed-size stack or heap buffer without validating the length of the source data against the destination capacity. This is a textbook manifestation of [CWE-120].

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires no privileges or user interaction. An attacker sends an HTTP request containing an oversized or malformed parameter to a vulnerable CGI endpoint exposed by the recorder's web interface. The CGI process crashes when it attempts to copy the oversized payload, resulting in a denial-of-service condition against the recorder's management surface.

No verified proof-of-concept code has been published. The vulnerability is described in prose in the JVN Security Advisory. Product background is available on the TB-eye AHD product page.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-41418

Indicators of Compromise

Repeated crashes or restarts of the CGI process on TB-eye recorders
Web management interface becoming intermittently unavailable
HTTP requests containing unusually long query strings or POST parameters directed at CGI endpoints
Requests to CGI paths from unexpected external source IP addresses

Detection Strategies

Inspect device logs for CGI process termination or watchdog-initiated restarts
Deploy network intrusion detection signatures that flag oversized parameters in HTTP requests to embedded device CGI endpoints
Correlate web interface unavailability events with inbound HTTP traffic patterns targeting the recorder

Monitoring Recommendations

Alert on HTTP requests to TB-eye recorders that exceed expected parameter length thresholds
Monitor for repeated HTTP 5xx responses or connection resets from recorder management interfaces
Track source IP addresses initiating multiple malformed requests against video recorder infrastructure
Baseline normal management traffic patterns and alert on deviations

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-41418

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to TB-eye recorder management interfaces to trusted administrative networks only
Place affected recorders behind a firewall or VPN and block inbound Internet access to CGI endpoints
Review vendor communications from TB-eye for firmware updates addressing CVE-2025-41418
Inventory all TB-eye network and AHD recorders in the environment to determine exposure

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no fixed firmware version is enumerated in the enriched CVE data. Refer to the JVN Security Advisory for the current list of remediated versions and vendor guidance. Apply vendor-supplied firmware updates as soon as they are released.

Workarounds

Segment recorders onto a dedicated management VLAN with strict access control lists
Disable remote access to the CGI-based web interface where not operationally required
Deploy a reverse proxy or web application firewall in front of the recorder to filter oversized or malformed HTTP parameters
Monitor and rate-limit inbound HTTP traffic to recorder management ports