CVE-2025-41415: Information Disclosure Vulnerability

CVE-2025-41415 Overview

CVE-2025-41415 is an information disclosure vulnerability affecting AVEVA products. An authenticated attacker with privileges to access publication targets can retrieve sensitive information from the system. The exposed data can be leveraged to gain additional access to downstream resources connected to the affected environment. The flaw is categorized under CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data. AVEVA disclosed the issue in AVEVA Security Bulletin 2025-004, and CISA published a corresponding industrial control system advisory in CISA ICSA-25-224-04.

Critical Impact
An authenticated attacker with access to publication targets can retrieve sensitive information usable for lateral movement into downstream systems.

Affected Products

AVEVA products referenced in Security Bulletin AVEVA-2025-004
Industrial control system deployments described in CISA ICSA-25-224-04
Environments where publication targets expose downstream credentials or configuration

Discovery Timeline

2025-08-21 - CVE-2025-41415 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-41415

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is an information exposure issue tracked as [CWE-201]. An authenticated user with permission to access publication targets can read sensitive data that should be restricted. The exposed information includes material that supports authentication or authorization against downstream resources. This transforms a limited-privilege account into a pivot point for broader access within the industrial environment.

Because AVEVA products often integrate with SCADA historians, publication servers, and downstream operational technology (OT) systems, information disclosed through publication targets can include connection strings, service credentials, or configuration references. An attacker who obtains this data can extend reach into systems that were not directly reachable from the initial foothold.

Root Cause

The root cause is the inclusion of sensitive information within data returned to callers who possess publication target privileges. The product does not sufficiently restrict or redact secrets embedded in publication metadata or content. Access control at the publication-target level is enforced, but the payload itself contains data that should require higher trust.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires network access and valid credentials with privileges over publication targets. No user interaction is required. The attacker queries or interacts with publication targets through supported product interfaces and receives sensitive data in the response. That data is then used against downstream systems referenced by the compromised deployment. Refer to AVEVA Security Bulletin 2025-004 for product-specific mechanics.

No verified public proof-of-concept code is available. The vulnerability is described in prose based on the vendor and CISA advisories.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-41415

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected authenticated access to publication target objects from accounts that rarely use those privileges
Enumeration patterns against publication target endpoints followed by outbound connections to downstream OT systems
Reuse of credentials or connection strings from publication metadata on adjacent hosts within a short time window

Detection Strategies

Audit account activity for users who hold publication target privileges and correlate their reads against baseline behavior
Alert on lateral movement originating from operator or engineering workstations toward historians, databases, and downstream services
Inspect application and Windows Event Logs on AVEVA hosts for repeated publication target queries outside of change windows

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward AVEVA application logs, Windows Security logs, and network flow telemetry to a centralized analytics platform for correlation
Monitor authentication events against downstream resources referenced by publication targets for anomalous source hosts
Track privilege assignments to publication targets and alert when membership changes

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-41415

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the fixed AVEVA release identified in AVEVA Security Bulletin 2025-004
Review and reduce the set of accounts that hold publication target privileges to the minimum required
Rotate credentials and secrets that may have been exposed through publication target data

Patch Information

AVEVA has published remediation guidance in Security Bulletin 2025-004. Consult the bulletin for the specific product versions and update packages that address CVE-2025-41415. CISA mirrors this guidance in ICSA-25-224-04 with recommended defensive measures for ICS environments.

Workarounds

Restrict network access to AVEVA management interfaces using firewalls and segmentation between IT and OT zones
Enforce least-privilege access for publication target roles and remove standing privileges where feasible
Isolate downstream resources so that credentials retrievable from publication metadata cannot be reused across trust boundaries
Follow CISA ICS defense-in-depth recommendations, including VPN use for remote access and monitoring of control system traffic

bash

# Configuration example
# Vendor-neutral segmentation guidance - restrict management access to AVEVA hosts
# Replace 10.10.20.0/24 with the authorized administration subnet
# Replace 10.50.0.0/16 with the AVEVA server subnet
iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.10.20.0/24 -d 10.50.0.0/16 -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -d 10.50.0.0/16 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP