CVE-2025-40677: Portal del Empleado SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-40677 Overview

CVE-2025-40677 is a SQL injection vulnerability in Summar Software's Portal del Empleado (Employee Portal). The flaw resides in the /MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx endpoint, which fails to sanitize input passed through the ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre POST parameter. An authenticated attacker with low privileges can inject arbitrary SQL statements to read, create, update, and delete database records. The issue is tracked under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command).

Critical Impact
Successful exploitation grants full read/write access to the backend database, compromising employee personal data, payroll records, and authentication material stored by the portal.

Affected Products

Summar Software Portal del Empleado (Employee Portal)
/MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx endpoint
Deployments exposing the affected ASP.NET WebForms component

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-18 - CVE-2025-40677 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-40677

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the search functionality served by quienesquien.aspx within the Portal del Empleado. The ASP.NET WebForms postback handler concatenates the user-supplied ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre value directly into a SQL query without parameterization or input validation. An authenticated attacker can submit a crafted POST request that breaks out of the intended string literal and appends arbitrary SQL syntax. Because the underlying database account used by the portal typically has read/write permissions on application tables, the injection yields complete data manipulation capability across employee records.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of SQL special characters in a request parameter ([CWE-89]). The application constructs dynamic SQL using string concatenation instead of using prepared statements or parameterized queries. No allow-list validation, type enforcement, or output encoding is applied to the filtroNombre filter field before it reaches the database layer.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires network access to the portal and a low-privileged authenticated session. The attacker submits a POST request to /MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx with a malicious payload in the ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre field. Payloads can include UNION SELECT statements for data exfiltration, UPDATE/DELETE statements for tampering, or stacked queries depending on the underlying database driver. According to the INCIBE Security Notice, the vulnerability is one of several reported issues in the employee portal product line. A public entry exists in Exploit-DB, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-40677

Indicators of Compromise

POST requests to /MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, ;, UNION, SELECT, or WAITFOR in the ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre parameter.
Unexpected database errors or HTTP 500 responses returned by the quienesquien.aspx endpoint.
Anomalous outbound DNS or HTTP traffic from the database server immediately following requests to the affected page.
Sudden modification, creation, or deletion of records in employee or authentication tables without a corresponding administrative action.

Detection Strategies

Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) signatures that inspect POST bodies for SQL injection patterns targeting the filtroNombre field.
Enable verbose IIS and ASP.NET request logging and correlate request bodies with database query logs to identify injected statements.
Monitor database audit logs for unexpected UPDATE, DELETE, or INFORMATION_SCHEMA queries originating from the portal service account.

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server, application, and SQL Server audit logs to a centralized SIEM and alert on injection signatures aimed at quienesquien.aspx.
Baseline normal query patterns issued by the portal database account and alert on deviations such as schema enumeration or bulk row reads.
Track authentication events for accounts that subsequently issue large numbers of search requests, which may indicate automated exploitation.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-40677

Immediate Actions Required

Contact Summar Software to confirm patch availability and apply the vendor fix as soon as it is released.
Restrict network exposure of the Portal del Empleado to trusted networks or VPN users until a patch is deployed.
Rotate credentials and review database audit logs for evidence of prior exploitation, particularly unexpected data modifications.
Reduce privileges of the database account used by the portal to the minimum required for normal operation.

Patch Information

No fixed version is published in the NVD record at the time of writing. Refer to the INCIBE Security Notice for the latest vendor coordination details and patch announcements.

Workarounds

Deploy a WAF rule blocking POST requests to /MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx whose ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre parameter contains SQL metacharacters or keywords.
Apply input length and character-class limits at a reverse proxy in front of the application to reject obvious injection payloads.
Disable or remove the quienesquien.aspx page if the directory search feature is not required by the business.

bash

# Example ModSecurity rule blocking SQLi attempts against the affected parameter
SecRule ARGS:"ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre" \
  "@detectSQLi" \
  "id:1040677,phase:2,deny,status:403,\
   msg:'CVE-2025-40677 SQLi attempt against quienesquien.aspx',\
   logdata:'Matched value: %{MATCHED_VAR}'"