CVE-2025-3707: Sun.net Ehrd Ctms SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-3707 Overview

CVE-2025-3707 is a SQL Injection vulnerability [CWE-89] affecting the Sunnet eHRD CTMS training and career management platform. Authenticated remote attackers with regular user privileges can inject arbitrary SQL commands through unsanitized input parameters. Successful exploitation allows unauthorized reading of database contents, including sensitive employee training records, personally identifiable information, and credential material stored in backend tables. The vulnerability was disclosed through TWCERT and affects deployments of the eHRD CTMS product from Taiwanese vendor Sunnet.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can extract confidential database contents from eHRD CTMS deployments via crafted SQL payloads, exposing employee data and internal training records.

Affected Products

Sunnet eHRD CTMS (Career and Training Management System)
Product identifier: sun.net:ehrd_ctms
All versions prior to the vendor-supplied fix referenced in TWCERT advisories #10083 and #10084

Discovery Timeline

2025-05-02 - CVE-2025-3707 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-3707

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in one or more request handlers within the eHRD CTMS web application that construct SQL queries by concatenating attacker-controlled input directly into query strings. Because the application does not use parameterized queries or apply input validation on the affected parameters, an attacker with a valid low-privileged account can alter query semantics.

Exploitation requires network access to the web interface and a valid authenticated session with regular user privileges. Attack complexity is low and no user interaction is required. The impact is limited to confidentiality: the flaw enables data disclosure but does not directly grant write access to database contents or system availability degradation according to the CVSS scope.

Attackers commonly leverage such flaws to enumerate schema information from system catalogs, dump user tables, and stage follow-on attacks using extracted credentials or session artifacts.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command [CWE-89]. Input received from authenticated HTTP requests is interpolated into SQL statements without safe binding, allowing meta-characters such as single quotes, comment sequences, and UNION operators to modify query intent.

Attack Vector

An authenticated attacker submits crafted HTTP parameters to a vulnerable eHRD CTMS endpoint. The malicious payload closes the intended SQL clause and appends attacker-controlled SQL, typically using UNION SELECT or boolean-based/time-based blind techniques to exfiltrate database rows through the response channel. See the TWCERT Security Advisory #10084 for vendor-supplied details.

No public proof-of-concept exploit is currently available. The EPSS probability at the time of writing is approximately 0.4%.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-3707

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP request parameters to eHRD CTMS endpoints containing SQL meta-characters such as ', --, /*, UNION, SELECT, SLEEP(, or BENCHMARK(.
Unusually large response bodies from CTMS pages that normally return small payloads, indicating potential UNION-based extraction.
Repeated authenticated requests from a single session to the same endpoint with incrementing offset or substring values, suggesting blind SQL injection enumeration.
Database error messages or ODBC/JDBC stack traces surfaced in application responses.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect authenticated CTMS traffic for SQL injection signatures and behavioral anomalies.
Enable verbose database audit logging and alert on queries containing UNION SELECT against system tables (INFORMATION_SCHEMA, sys.objects).
Correlate authentication logs with database query volume per user session to identify low-privileged accounts issuing atypical query patterns.

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward CTMS application logs, database audit logs, and web server logs to a centralized analytics platform for cross-source correlation.
Baseline normal request patterns per user role and alert on deviations in parameter length, character set, or endpoint hit frequency.
Monitor for outbound data transfers from database hosts that do not align with normal reporting jobs.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-3707

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the vendor-supplied patch referenced in the TWCERT Security Advisory #10083 as soon as it is available in your maintenance channel.
Restrict network access to the eHRD CTMS interface to trusted internal networks or VPN users pending patch deployment.
Audit existing eHRD CTMS user accounts and disable inactive or unnecessary low-privileged accounts that could be leveraged for authenticated exploitation.
Review database audit logs for anomalous query activity since the CVE publication date of 2025-05-02.

Patch Information

Sunnet has issued fixes coordinated through TWCERT. Administrators should consult the TWCERT Security Advisory #10084 for the specific patched build and upgrade instructions. Verify integrity of the patch package before deployment and confirm remediation via post-patch vulnerability scanning.

Workarounds

Place the eHRD CTMS application behind a WAF configured with SQL injection rulesets tuned for the application's expected parameters.
Enforce least-privilege on the database account used by the CTMS application, restricting SELECT scope and revoking access to system catalogs where feasible.
Enable database query logging and alerting for suspicious authenticated queries until the patched version is installed.

bash

# Example: restrict CTMS database account privileges (MSSQL)
REVOKE SELECT ON SCHEMA::sys FROM ctms_app_user;
REVOKE VIEW ANY DEFINITION FROM ctms_app_user;
GRANT SELECT ON SCHEMA::ctms_data TO ctms_app_user;