CVE-2025-3706: eHRMS Reflected XSS Vulnerability

CVE-2025-3706 Overview

CVE-2025-3706 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the eHRMS platform from 104 Corporation. Unauthenticated remote attackers can craft malicious URLs that inject arbitrary JavaScript into a victim's browser session. Successful exploitation requires user interaction, typically delivered through phishing. The flaw is tracked under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation and affects the confidentiality and integrity of user session data within the eHRMS web application.

Critical Impact
Attackers can execute arbitrary JavaScript in an authenticated user's browser, enabling session token theft, credential harvesting, and unauthorized actions within the eHRMS human resources platform.

Affected Products

104 Corporation eHRMS (Human Resources Management System)

Discovery Timeline

2025-04-28 - CVE-2025-3706 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-3706

Vulnerability Analysis

The eHRMS web application from 104 Corporation fails to properly neutralize user-controllable input before returning it in HTTP responses. When a user visits a specially crafted URL, the application reflects attacker-supplied script content directly into the rendered page. The browser then executes that script within the origin of the eHRMS application.

Because the vulnerability requires no authentication, any external attacker can build a weaponized link. The CVSS vector indicates a scope change, meaning injected script gains access to resources beyond the vulnerable component, such as authenticated session data of the target user.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing or insufficient output encoding on one or more request parameters processed by the eHRMS application. Input received through the HTTP request is embedded into the HTML response without contextual escaping. This allows <script> tags and JavaScript event handlers supplied by an attacker to render as executable code rather than inert text.

Attack Vector

An attacker crafts a URL to the vulnerable eHRMS endpoint containing a malicious JavaScript payload as a parameter value. The attacker distributes the URL through phishing email, chat, or a compromised website. When an eHRMS user clicks the link, the injected script executes in the context of the eHRMS origin, allowing the attacker to read cookies, invoke authenticated API calls, or redirect the user to credential-harvesting pages.

Technical details are documented in the TW-CERT Security Advisory (English) and TW-CERT Security Advisory (Traditional Chinese).

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-3706

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP request logs containing script tags, javascript: URIs, or encoded payloads such as %3Cscript%3E in query parameters targeting eHRMS endpoints.
Referer headers originating from unknown external domains preceding suspicious eHRMS requests.
Outbound browser requests from authenticated eHRMS sessions to attacker-controlled domains carrying cookie or token values.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect eHRMS query strings and POST bodies for XSS signatures, including tag injection and event handler attributes.
Correlate reverse-proxy access logs with authentication events to flag sessions where reflected parameters contain HTML or JavaScript syntax.
Enable browser Content Security Policy (CSP) violation reporting to surface unexpected inline script execution originating from the eHRMS domain.

Monitoring Recommendations

Monitor phishing telemetry and email gateways for URLs pointing at eHRMS hostnames with encoded script payloads in parameters.
Alert on eHRMS user sessions that exhibit unusual API activity immediately after clicking an external referral link.
Track anomalous cookie exfiltration patterns from endpoints where users routinely access eHRMS.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-3706

Immediate Actions Required

Contact 104 Corporation to obtain the patched eHRMS build and apply it to all deployments.
Restrict eHRMS access to trusted networks or through a VPN until patching is complete.
Educate users to avoid clicking eHRMS links received from untrusted sources and to report suspicious URLs.

Patch Information

Refer to the vendor advisories published by TW-CERT for remediation guidance: TW-CERT Advisory (EN) and TW-CERT Advisory (TW). Contact 104 Corporation directly for the fixed version applicable to your deployment.

Workarounds

Deploy a WAF rule set that blocks reflected XSS payloads targeting eHRMS query parameters until the official patch is installed.
Enforce a strict Content Security Policy on the eHRMS domain that disallows inline scripts and restricts script sources to known origins.
Set HttpOnly and Secure flags on session cookies to limit script-based session theft.
Add X-XSS-Protection and X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff response headers on the eHRMS reverse proxy as a defense-in-depth measure.

bash

# Example NGINX reverse-proxy hardening for the eHRMS host
add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'" always;
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY" always;
add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;