CVE-2025-31920: WP Guppy SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-31920 Overview

CVE-2025-31920 is a SQL Injection vulnerability in the AmentoTech WP Guppy plugin for WordPress. The flaw stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands [CWE-89]. It affects all WP Guppy versions up to and including 4.3.3. An authenticated attacker with low privileges can inject arbitrary SQL statements through the plugin's input handling. Successful exploitation exposes sensitive database contents and can affect availability of the WordPress site.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can extract confidential database contents from vulnerable WP Guppy installations, with scope-changing impact extending beyond the plugin to the underlying WordPress database.

Affected Products

AmentoTech WP Guppy plugin for WordPress
WP Guppy versions through 4.3.3
WordPress sites with the wp-guppy plugin installed and active

Discovery Timeline

2025-06-09 - CVE-2025-31920 published to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-31920

Vulnerability Analysis

The WP Guppy plugin fails to sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. This omission allows attackers to break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL clauses. The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-89] Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command.

An attacker holding low-privilege authenticated access can submit crafted parameters through plugin endpoints. The injected payload executes against the WordPress database with the privileges of the database user configured in wp-config.php. Because the scope changes beyond the plugin's own boundary, the attack can reach core WordPress tables including wp_users and wp_usermeta.

Root Cause

The root cause is the use of unparameterized SQL queries that concatenate untrusted user input directly into query strings. The plugin does not employ WordPress's $wpdb->prepare() function or equivalent placeholder mechanisms. Special characters such as single quotes, semicolons, and comment markers pass through unfiltered into the query parser.

Attack Vector

Exploitation occurs remotely over the network through standard HTTP/HTTPS requests to the WordPress site. The attacker must authenticate with at least subscriber-level credentials before sending crafted requests to the WP Guppy plugin endpoints. No user interaction is required beyond the attacker's own authenticated session. The attacker injects SQL syntax into parameters consumed by the plugin's database query logic, allowing extraction of arbitrary database contents through techniques such as UNION-based or boolean-based blind injection. Refer to the Patchstack SQL Injection Advisory for technical details on the affected parameters.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-31920

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected HTTP requests to WP Guppy plugin endpoints containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, or SLEEP(
Anomalous query patterns in MySQL slow query or general logs referencing wp_users or wp_usermeta from plugin contexts
Authenticated low-privilege accounts issuing high volumes of requests to wp-guppy endpoints
New or unexpected WordPress administrator accounts created shortly after WP Guppy plugin activity

Detection Strategies

Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules tuned to detect SQL injection patterns targeting WordPress plugin parameters
Enable MySQL query logging and alert on queries containing UNION SELECT or conditional time-delay functions originating from WordPress PHP workers
Monitor authentication logs for low-privilege accounts that begin interacting with plugin AJAX or REST endpoints

Monitoring Recommendations

Inventory WordPress installations and identify any running the wp-guppy plugin at version 4.3.3 or earlier
Forward web server access logs and database audit logs to a centralized SIEM for correlation
Configure alerts for HTTP requests to /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php and REST routes registered by WP Guppy that include SQL metacharacters

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-31920

Immediate Actions Required

Update the WP Guppy plugin to a version higher than 4.3.3 once a patched release is published by AmentoTech
Deactivate and remove the wp-guppy plugin from production WordPress sites until a fixed version is available
Restrict registration and limit which authenticated roles can reach WP Guppy endpoints through access control rules
Audit WordPress user accounts and reset credentials for any accounts that may have been exposed

Patch Information

At the time of publication, the vulnerability affects WP Guppy through version 4.3.3. Consult the Patchstack SQL Injection Advisory for the latest patch availability and fixed version information.

Workarounds

Apply virtual patching through a WAF to block SQL injection payloads targeting WP Guppy endpoints
Disable the plugin if it is not business-critical until an official fix is deployed
Enforce the principle of least privilege on the WordPress database user defined in wp-config.php to limit the blast radius of injection

bash

# Disable the WP Guppy plugin via WP-CLI until a patched version is available
wp plugin deactivate wp-guppy
wp plugin delete wp-guppy

# Verify removal
wp plugin list --status=active | grep -i guppy