CVE-2025-30775: WPGuppy Lite SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-30775 Overview

CVE-2025-30775 is a SQL injection vulnerability in the AmentoTech Private Limited WPGuppy wpguppy-lite WordPress plugin. The flaw affects all versions up to and including 1.1.3. Attackers with low-privilege authenticated access can inject malicious SQL statements through unsanitized input that reaches the database query layer. Successful exploitation enables unauthorized data disclosure across the WordPress database and limited impact on availability. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can extract sensitive data from the WordPress database, including user credentials, session tokens, and private chat content stored by the WPGuppy messaging plugin.

Affected Products

AmentoTech WPGuppy wpguppy-lite plugin for WordPress
All versions from initial release through 1.1.3
WordPress installations using WPGuppy for live chat or messaging functionality

Discovery Timeline

2025-03-27 - CVE-2025-30775 published to NVD
2026-04-23 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30775

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of special characters in SQL statements within the wpguppy-lite plugin. User-supplied input flows into database queries without parameterization or proper escaping using WordPress sanitization functions such as $wpdb->prepare() or esc_sql(). Authenticated attackers send crafted parameters containing SQL metacharacters that break out of the intended query context. The injected payload executes against the WordPress database with the privileges of the plugin's database connection.

The scope change indicates that exploitation impacts resources beyond the vulnerable component itself. An attacker can read sensitive data stored across all WordPress tables, including the wp_users table containing hashed credentials and the wp_usermeta table holding session tokens. According to EPSS data, this vulnerability has a probability score of 0.188% with a percentile of 40.449.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of prepared statements in SQL query construction within the WPGuppy plugin code. The plugin concatenates user-controlled values directly into SQL strings before execution through the $wpdb global. WordPress provides built-in protections through $wpdb->prepare(), but the affected code paths bypass these safeguards. This pattern is a recurring weakness in WordPress plugins handling chat messages and user-supplied metadata.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires network access to the WordPress site and low-privilege authenticated credentials such as a subscriber account. An attacker submits a crafted request to a vulnerable WPGuppy endpoint, embedding SQL syntax in parameters processed by the plugin. The malicious query executes server-side, returning data through the application response or via blind techniques such as timing or boolean-based extraction. No user interaction is required for the attack to succeed.

The vulnerability is described in detail in the Patchstack Vulnerability Advisory. No public proof-of-concept exploit has been released at the time of publication.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30775

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP POST or GET requests to WPGuppy plugin endpoints containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, SLEEP, BENCHMARK, or INFORMATION_SCHEMA.
Unusual database query patterns or extended query execution times recorded in MySQL slow query logs.
Authenticated requests from low-privilege accounts targeting WPGuppy AJAX or REST API routes with encoded payloads.
Unexpected data exfiltration patterns in web server access logs correlated with WPGuppy parameter activity.

Detection Strategies

Inspect web application firewall (WAF) logs for SQL injection signatures targeting paths containing wpguppy or wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with WPGuppy actions.
Enable WordPress debug logging and review wp-content/debug.log for malformed SQL errors generated by the plugin.
Monitor MySQL general query log for queries originating from WPGuppy code paths containing suspicious string concatenation.
Correlate authentication events with subsequent database queries to identify low-privilege accounts exhibiting query patterns inconsistent with normal user behavior.

Monitoring Recommendations

Deploy WordPress-aware intrusion detection that parses plugin parameters and flags SQL metacharacter sequences.
Alert on subscriber-level accounts issuing requests to administrative or backend WPGuppy endpoints.
Track outbound data volumes from the WordPress host to detect bulk extraction following successful injection.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30775

Immediate Actions Required

Disable or uninstall the WPGuppy wpguppy-lite plugin until a patched version higher than 1.1.3 is installed.
Audit WordPress user accounts and reset passwords for all users, particularly administrators, if exploitation is suspected.
Review database access logs and wp_users table modification timestamps for evidence of unauthorized queries.
Restrict user registration on affected WordPress sites to limit the pool of attackers able to obtain the required authenticated access.

Patch Information

No fixed version is identified in the available NVD or Patchstack data beyond the affected range up to 1.1.3. Site administrators should consult the Patchstack Vulnerability Advisory and the AmentoTech vendor channels for an updated release. Apply any plugin update that explicitly references CVE-2025-30775 in its changelog.

Workarounds

Deploy a WAF rule blocking SQL injection patterns on requests targeting WPGuppy endpoints until a patch is applied.
Remove the plugin entirely if a patched version is not available and the messaging functionality is non-essential.
Apply the principle of least privilege to the WordPress database user by removing unnecessary permissions such as FILE and DROP.
Use a virtual patching solution from Patchstack or a comparable WordPress security provider to mitigate exploitation while awaiting a vendor fix.

bash

# Configuration example: disable the vulnerable plugin via WP-CLI
wp plugin deactivate wpguppy-lite
wp plugin delete wpguppy-lite

# Optional: block requests to plugin paths at the web server
# nginx example
# location ~* /wp-content/plugins/wpguppy-lite/ {
#     deny all;
#     return 403;
# }