CVE-2025-30036: Ward Module Stored XSS Vulnerability

CVE-2025-30036 Overview

CVE-2025-30036 is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability [CWE-79] in the Oddział (Ward) module of a Polish medical records system. The flaw resides in the death diagnosis description field, where user-supplied input is stored without proper sanitization. Authenticated attackers can inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the browser of any user who later views the affected record. Successful exploitation enables session hijacking and can lead to privilege escalation up to full administrative rights. The issue was analyzed by CERT Polska as part of a coordinated disclosure covering related medical software vulnerabilities.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can hijack sessions of clinicians and administrators, potentially gaining full administrative control over a medical records system holding sensitive patient data.

Affected Products

Medical records application containing the Oddział (Ward) module
Death diagnosis description field within the Ward module
Refer to the CERT Polska advisory for specific vendor and version information

Discovery Timeline

2025-08-27 - CVE-2025-30036 published to the National Vulnerability Database
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30036

Vulnerability Analysis

The Ward module accepts free-text input in the death diagnosis description field and persists it to the database without server-side sanitization or output encoding. When the record is later rendered in another user's browser, the stored payload executes in the origin of the medical records application. Because clinical staff and administrators routinely review ward records, the payload runs in high-privilege sessions.

Exploitation yields the full range of stored XSS outcomes. Attackers can exfiltrate session cookies, perform actions on behalf of the victim, pivot into administrative functions, and read or modify patient data reachable through the application. The local attack vector reflects that a valid, low-privileged account is required to submit the malicious record.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing input validation and output encoding on the death diagnosis description field. The application treats stored diagnosis text as trusted HTML at render time, allowing <script> tags and event handlers to execute in the DOM.

Attack Vector

An authenticated user with permission to edit ward records submits a diagnosis description containing a JavaScript payload. The payload is stored server-side. When a nurse, physician, or administrator opens the affected patient's ward record, the browser parses and executes the injected script within the application's origin, granting the attacker access to the victim's session context.

No verified proof-of-concept code is published. Refer to the CERT Polska analysis for additional technical context on the disclosure.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30036

Indicators of Compromise

Diagnosis records containing HTML tags such as <script>, <img onerror=...>, <svg onload=...>, or javascript: URIs
Outbound HTTP requests from clinician workstations to unfamiliar domains immediately after opening a ward record
Unexpected administrative actions (account creation, role changes) originating from clinical user accounts
Duplicate or anomalous session tokens observed from multiple source IPs for the same account

Detection Strategies

Query the medical records database for diagnosis fields containing angle brackets, on*= event handlers, or encoded JavaScript patterns
Enable Content Security Policy (CSP) violation reporting to surface inline script execution attempts on ward record pages
Correlate web application logs for POST requests to ward-record endpoints that contain XSS signatures
Alert on privilege changes performed shortly after a clinical user viewed a modified ward record

Monitoring Recommendations

Ingest medical records application logs into a centralized platform and retain audit trails for record edits and views
Monitor for high-frequency reads of specific ward records by privileged accounts
Track browser telemetry from clinical endpoints for anomalous script execution or credential form submissions
Review database change logs for HTML or JavaScript content inserted into free-text clinical fields

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30036

Immediate Actions Required

Contact the application vendor to confirm a fixed release addressing the Ward module stored XSS
Sanitize existing diagnosis descriptions in the database to strip HTML markup and script content
Restrict edit permissions on the Ward module to the minimum set of clinical roles that require it
Rotate session tokens and force re-authentication for accounts that may have viewed tampered records

Patch Information

No public patch reference is listed in the CVE record. Administrators should consult the CERT Polska advisory and coordinate directly with the vendor of the affected medical records system to obtain a fixed version. Apply the vendor patch to all production and staging environments.

Workarounds

Deploy a strict Content Security Policy that disallows inline scripts and restricts script sources to trusted origins
Place a web application firewall in front of the medical records application with rules blocking XSS payloads in diagnosis fields
Enforce HttpOnly and Secure attributes on session cookies to reduce the impact of successful script execution
Provide read-only access to the Ward module for accounts that do not require edit capability

bash

# Example Content-Security-Policy header for the medical records application
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; base-uri 'self'; frame-ancestors 'none'; report-uri /csp-report