CVE-2025-2847: Gym Management System SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-2847 Overview

CVE-2025-2847 is a SQL injection vulnerability in Codezips Gym Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /dashboard/admin/over_month.php script, where the mm parameter is passed unsanitized into a SQL query. Attackers can manipulate this parameter remotely to inject arbitrary SQL statements against the backend database. The exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic attacks against exposed installations. The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) and requires low-privilege authentication to exploit.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can read, modify, or delete data in the gym management database by injecting SQL through the mm parameter, potentially exposing member records and administrative data.

Affected Products

Codezips Gym Management System 1.0
Component: /dashboard/admin/over_month.php
Vulnerable parameter: mm

Discovery Timeline

2025-03-27 - CVE-2025-2847 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2847

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the over_month.php administrative script of Codezips Gym Management System 1.0. The script accepts a user-controlled mm parameter and concatenates it directly into a SQL query without parameterization or input sanitization. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL syntax.

Because the vulnerable endpoint sits under the /dashboard/admin/ path, exploitation requires a valid low-privileged session. However, the application does not appear to restrict the SQL operations that can be injected. Successful exploitation enables data extraction, authentication bypass via UNION-based queries, and potential modification of administrative records.

The disclosure has been published to VulDB and a third-party security writeup, providing attackers with working exploitation details.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of prepared statements or input validation when handling the mm request parameter in over_month.php. The application passes user input directly into a SQL string used for monthly reporting queries. PHP applications using mysqli_query() or deprecated mysql_query() patterns with string concatenation remain a common source of injection flaws like this one.

Attack Vector

The attack is remotely exploitable over the network. An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /dashboard/admin/over_month.php with a malicious payload in the mm parameter. Typical exploitation involves injecting boolean-based or UNION-based payloads to enumerate the database schema, extract user credentials, or pivot toward further compromise. Automated SQL injection tools such as sqlmap can identify and exploit this class of flaw without manual effort, given the disclosed parameter and path.

No working exploit code is required beyond standard SQL injection techniques. The endpoint, parameter, and injection point have been publicly documented in the VulDB advisory and the Yuque Security Documentation.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2847

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /dashboard/admin/over_month.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the mm parameter
Web server access logs showing repeated requests to over_month.php with varying mm values from a single source
Database error messages returned in HTTP responses referencing MySQL syntax
Unexpected database query patterns from the gym management application user account

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that flag SQL injection signatures targeting the mm parameter
Enable verbose query logging on the backend MySQL database and alert on anomalous queries originating from the application service account
Inspect HTTP request bodies and query strings for tautology patterns (OR 1=1), time-based payloads, and stacked queries

Monitoring Recommendations

Correlate web access logs with database query logs to identify injection attempts that reach the database layer
Monitor outbound network traffic from the database server for signs of data exfiltration following suspicious query activity
Alert on authenticated admin sessions originating from unexpected geographic locations or IP ranges

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2847

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the /dashboard/admin/ directory at the web server level using IP allowlisting until a patch is available
Audit administrative accounts and rotate credentials for any account with access to the gym management dashboard
Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection payloads targeting the mm parameter in over_month.php
Review database logs for evidence of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

No vendor patch has been published in the references available at the time of NVD entry. Codezips has not issued a public advisory or fixed release for Gym Management System 1.0. Administrators should monitor the VulDB entry and the Codezips project for updates, and consider migrating away from the affected version if no fix is forthcoming.

Workarounds

Modify over_month.php to use parameterized queries via mysqli prepared statements or PDO with bound parameters
Apply server-side input validation that restricts the mm parameter to a numeric month value (1-12) before passing it to any query
Disable or remove the over_month.php reporting endpoint if it is not required for operations
Run the application database account with least-privilege permissions, limiting it to SELECT on required tables and removing INFORMATION_SCHEMA access where possible

bash

# Example input validation snippet to enforce numeric month values
# Place at the top of over_month.php before any database query
if (!isset($_REQUEST['mm']) || !preg_match('/^(0?[1-9]|1[0-2])$/', $_REQUEST['mm'])) {
    http_response_code(400);
    exit('Invalid month parameter');
}