CVE-2025-27720: Pixmeo Osirix MD Credential Disclosure

CVE-2025-27720 Overview

CVE-2025-27720 is a critical vulnerability affecting the Pixmeo Osirix MD Web Portal, a medical imaging software solution used in healthcare environments. The vulnerability involves the transmission of credential information without encryption (CWE-319: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information), which could allow an attacker positioned on the network to intercept and steal user credentials.

This cleartext transmission vulnerability poses a significant risk in healthcare environments where patient data confidentiality is paramount. Attackers capable of performing network traffic analysis or man-in-the-middle attacks could capture authentication credentials, potentially gaining unauthorized access to medical imaging systems and sensitive patient data.

Critical Impact

Attackers can intercept unencrypted credentials transmitted over the network, potentially compromising healthcare systems and patient data.

Affected Products

• Pixmeo Osirix MD Web Portal

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-08 - CVE-2025-27720 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-27720

Vulnerability Analysis

The Pixmeo Osirix MD Web Portal transmits authentication credentials without proper encryption, exposing sensitive login information to potential interception. This vulnerability falls under CWE-319 (Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information), a fundamental security flaw that violates basic secure communication principles.

In healthcare environments, this type of vulnerability is particularly concerning as medical imaging systems often contain protected health information (PHI). The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability means that any attacker with access to the network segment—whether through compromised infrastructure, rogue access points, or other network-level attacks—could passively capture credentials.

The impact includes potential unauthorized access to medical imaging data, the ability to impersonate legitimate users, and possible lateral movement within healthcare networks. CISA has issued a medical advisory (ICSMA-25-128-01) highlighting the significance of this vulnerability in healthcare settings.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement transport layer encryption (such as TLS/HTTPS) for authentication requests in the Osirix MD Web Portal. When credentials are transmitted over unencrypted HTTP connections, they travel across the network in plaintext, making them vulnerable to interception through various attack techniques including packet sniffing, ARP spoofing, and man-in-the-middle attacks.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction. An attacker with network access to the same segment as the Osirix MD Web Portal or its users can:

1. Position themselves to intercept network traffic through techniques such as ARP poisoning, DNS spoofing, or compromising network infrastructure
2. Capture HTTP traffic containing authentication requests
3. Extract plaintext credentials from the captured packets
4. Use the stolen credentials to authenticate to the Osirix MD Web Portal
5. Access medical imaging data and potentially pivot to other systems using the compromised credentials

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely with low attack complexity, as the attacker simply needs to capture network traffic during legitimate authentication attempts.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-27720

Indicators of Compromise

• Unencrypted HTTP traffic containing authentication parameters to the Osirix MD Web Portal
• Unusual login patterns or access from unexpected IP addresses
• Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by successful logins from different source IPs
• Network traffic analysis revealing credential data in plaintext

Detection Strategies

• Monitor network traffic for unencrypted HTTP requests to the Osirix MD Web Portal containing credential parameters
• Implement network intrusion detection systems (IDS) with rules to alert on cleartext credential transmission
• Review authentication logs for anomalous login patterns that may indicate credential theft
• Deploy SSL/TLS inspection to identify any unencrypted authentication traffic within the network

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable comprehensive logging on the Osirix MD Web Portal and forward logs to a SIEM solution
• Monitor for authentication events from unusual geographic locations or IP ranges
• Implement network traffic analysis to detect potential man-in-the-middle attack indicators
• Review access patterns to medical imaging data for unauthorized access attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-27720

Immediate Actions Required

• Contact Pixmeo through their official contact page to inquire about available patches or updates
• Implement network segmentation to isolate the Osirix MD Web Portal from untrusted network segments
• Deploy a reverse proxy with TLS termination to encrypt traffic to the Web Portal
• Review the CISA ICS Medical Advisory for additional guidance
• Audit access logs to identify any potential unauthorized access

Patch Information

Organizations should consult the CISA ICS Medical Advisory (ICSMA-25-128-01) for the latest patch information and vendor guidance. Contact Pixmeo directly through their official channels to obtain security updates. Additional product information is available on the Osirix MD product page.

Workarounds

• Deploy the Osirix MD Web Portal behind a TLS-terminating reverse proxy (e.g., nginx, Apache, or a web application firewall) to encrypt all client communications
• Implement strict network access controls limiting access to the Web Portal to trusted IP ranges only
• Use VPN connections for remote access to the Web Portal to provide an encrypted tunnel
• Enable monitoring and alerting for any unencrypted authentication attempts
• Consider temporarily disabling Web Portal access if the risk is deemed unacceptable until a proper fix is available

# Example nginx reverse proxy configuration with TLS
# Place this configuration in front of the Osirix MD Web Portal

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name osirix-portal.example.com;
    
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/osirix-portal.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/osirix-portal.key;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://internal-osirix-portal:80;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
    }
}

# Redirect HTTP to HTTPS
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name osirix-portal.example.com;
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}