CVE-2025-2740: Old Age Home Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-2740 Overview

CVE-2025-2740 is a SQL injection vulnerability in PHPGurukul Old Age Home Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/eligibility.php file, where the pagetitle parameter is processed without proper sanitization. Attackers can manipulate this argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements into backend database queries. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network and requires no authentication or user interaction. Public disclosure of the exploit details has occurred, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic attacks against exposed installations. The issue is classified under [CWE-74] for improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component.

Critical Impact
Unauthenticated remote attackers can inject SQL commands through the pagetitle parameter, potentially exposing or modifying database contents.

Affected Products

PHPGurukul Old Age Home Management System 1.0
Component: /admin/eligibility.php
Vendor: PHPGurukul

Discovery Timeline

2025-03-25 - CVE-2025-2740 published to NVD
2025-04-01 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2740

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the administrative interface of PHPGurukul Old Age Home Management System 1.0. The eligibility.php script accepts a pagetitle parameter and passes its value directly into a SQL query without sanitization or parameterized binding. An attacker can append arbitrary SQL fragments to alter query logic. Successful exploitation allows extraction of stored records, modification of database content, or enumeration of database schema details. Because the affected endpoint is reachable over the network and requires no credentials, exploitation can be automated using common SQL injection tooling.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of user-supplied input before it is concatenated into a SQL statement [CWE-74]. The pagetitle argument flows from the HTTP request into a database query without validation, escaping, or prepared statement usage. This pattern allows injection of single quotes, UNION clauses, and boolean conditions that change query semantics.

Attack Vector

The attack is delivered remotely through crafted HTTP requests targeting /admin/eligibility.php. The attacker supplies a malicious value in the pagetitle parameter containing SQL syntax. No authentication or user interaction is required, making the endpoint trivially reachable when the application is exposed to untrusted networks. Verified proof-of-concept code is referenced in the public GitHub CVE Issue Tracker and VulDB entry #300762.

No verified exploit code is reproduced here. Refer to the public advisories for technical details on the injection payload structure.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2740

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /admin/eligibility.php containing SQL meta-characters such as single quotes, UNION SELECT, OR 1=1, or comment sequences in the pagetitle parameter
Web server access logs showing unusually long or encoded pagetitle values from external sources
Database error messages or anomalous query execution times correlated with requests to the affected endpoint

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) signatures that flag SQL injection patterns in query string and POST parameters
Inspect HTTP traffic for repeated requests to /admin/eligibility.php with varying pagetitle payloads, indicating automated scanning
Correlate web server access logs with database audit logs to identify injected query patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable verbose logging on the web server and database to capture full request URIs and executed SQL statements
Monitor for outbound data flows from the application server that exceed normal baselines, which may indicate data exfiltration
Configure alerts on administrative endpoints being accessed from unexpected source IP ranges

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2740

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to /admin/ paths to trusted IP ranges or place the administrative interface behind a VPN
Deploy WAF rules blocking SQL injection patterns targeting the pagetitle parameter
Review database account privileges and ensure the application user has only the minimum required permissions
Audit logs for prior exploitation attempts referencing /admin/eligibility.php

Patch Information

No vendor patch is referenced in the NVD entry at the time of publication. Consult the PHP Gurukul Security Blog for vendor updates. Until an official fix is available, apply the workarounds below and consider discontinuing use of the affected version in production environments.

Workarounds

Modify the application source to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions involving the pagetitle parameter
Implement server-side input validation that rejects SQL meta-characters in administrative parameters
Place the application behind a reverse proxy that performs request inspection and blocks known SQL injection signatures

bash

# Example WAF rule pattern for blocking SQL injection on the affected endpoint
# ModSecurity rule (conceptual)
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /admin/eligibility.php" \
  "chain,deny,status:403,id:1002740,msg:'CVE-2025-2740 SQLi attempt'"
  SecRule ARGS:pagetitle "@detectSQLi" "t:none"