CVE-2025-2413: Akinsoft ProKuafor Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-2413 Overview

CVE-2025-2413 affects Akinsoft ProKuafor, a salon management application. The vulnerability stems from Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts [CWE-307]. Attackers can submit unlimited authentication requests against the application without triggering account lockouts, rate limits, or other throttling controls.

This weakness enables credential brute-force and password-spraying attacks that lead to authentication bypass. The issue affects ProKuafor versions from s1.02.08 before v1.02.08. The Turkish national CERT (USOM) published advisory TR-25-0204 covering this issue.

Critical Impact
Remote, unauthenticated attackers can brute-force valid credentials over the network and gain access to ProKuafor accounts, exposing customer data and business operations.

Affected Products

Akinsoft ProKuafor from version s1.02.08
Akinsoft ProKuafor versions prior to v1.02.08
Deployments exposing the ProKuafor authentication interface to untrusted networks

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-02 - CVE-2025-2413 published to NVD
2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2413

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is an authentication bypass caused by missing brute-force protections on the ProKuafor login flow. The application does not restrict the number of failed authentication attempts originating from a single source or targeting a single account. Attackers can therefore iterate through password lists or common credential pairs until a valid combination succeeds.

The attack is fully network-reachable and requires no prior privileges or user interaction. A successful bypass grants the attacker the privileges of the compromised account inside ProKuafor, including access to customer records, appointment data, and financial information stored by the salon management system.

Because ProKuafor is a vertical business application, accounts often map to administrative or operator personas. Compromise of such an account can disrupt scheduling, payment, and customer-relationship workflows.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of authentication rate limiting and lockout logic. The application accepts repeated failed credentials from the same IP address, user agent, or username without invoking exponential backoff, CAPTCHA challenges, or temporary account suspension. This maps directly to [CWE-307] Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends automated POST requests to the ProKuafor authentication endpoint with iterating username and password pairs. With no server-side throttling, the attacker can sustain high request rates until a valid credential is identified. Tools such as hydra, patator, or custom scripts driving the login form are sufficient. No exploit code is publicly documented at the time of writing.

The vulnerability mechanism is described in the USOM Security Notification TR-25-0204. No verified proof-of-concept code is available.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2413

Indicators of Compromise

High volumes of HTTP POST requests to the ProKuafor login endpoint from a single source IP or small set of IPs within a short window.
Repeated 401, 403, or application-level authentication failure responses followed by a successful 200 from the same source.
Successful logins from atypical geographies, ASNs, or user agents not previously associated with the account.
Sequential authentication attempts iterating through common usernames such as admin, yonetici, or staff names.

Detection Strategies

Parse web server and reverse proxy logs for spikes in authentication failures per source IP, per username, and per session.
Alert when failed-to-successful login ratios exceed a tuned threshold within a rolling time window.
Correlate authentication events with downstream actions such as bulk data exports or configuration changes performed shortly after a successful login.

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward ProKuafor application logs and fronting web server logs to a centralized analytics platform for retention and correlation.
Track per-account login velocity and geolocation deltas to surface credential-stuffing patterns.
Monitor outbound traffic from the ProKuafor host for unexpected data transfers following successful authentications.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2413

Immediate Actions Required

Upgrade Akinsoft ProKuafor to version v1.02.08 or later as indicated in the vendor fix range.
Restrict network exposure of the ProKuafor login interface to trusted networks or VPN users until patching is complete.
Force a password reset for all ProKuafor accounts and require strong, unique passwords.
Review authentication logs for evidence of brute-force activity preceding the patch.

Patch Information

The vendor fix is included in ProKuafor v1.02.08. Refer to the USOM Security Notification TR-25-0204 for the official advisory and vendor coordination details. Administrators should validate the installed version after upgrade and confirm that lockout behavior is enforced on the login endpoint.

Workarounds

Place the ProKuafor login endpoint behind a web application firewall and configure rate limiting per source IP and per username.
Enforce account lockout at the reverse proxy layer using tools such as fail2ban or equivalent connection-throttling modules.
Require multi-factor authentication where the deployment topology allows an upstream identity provider.
Disable or rename default administrative accounts and restrict their use to internal networks.

bash

# Example nginx rate-limit for the ProKuafor login path
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=prokuafor_login:10m rate=5r/m;

server {
    location /login {
        limit_req zone=prokuafor_login burst=5 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;
        proxy_pass http://prokuafor_backend;
    }
}