CVE-2025-2388: Keytop Parking System Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-2388 Overview

A critical authentication bypass vulnerability has been discovered in Keytop 路内停车收费系统 (Street Parking Fee Collection System) version 2.7.1. The vulnerability exists in the /saas/commonApi/park/getParks API endpoint and allows remote attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive parking system data and functionality.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this improper authentication vulnerability over the network without any user interaction, potentially compromising parking fee collection system data and operations.

Affected Products

• Keytop 路内停车收费系统 (Street Parking Fee Collection System) version 2.7.1
• API component at /saas/commonApi/park/getParks

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-03-17 - CVE-2025-2388 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2388

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-287 (Improper Authentication), affecting the API component of the Keytop street parking fee collection system. The flaw resides in the /saas/commonApi/park/getParks endpoint, which fails to properly validate user authentication before processing requests.

The improper authentication weakness allows unauthenticated attackers to access API functionality that should be restricted to authorized users only. This type of vulnerability typically occurs when authentication checks are missing, improperly implemented, or can be easily bypassed through parameter manipulation.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability significantly increases its risk profile, as attackers do not require local access or any special privileges to exploit it. The exploit for this vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of exploitation attempts in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-2388 is improper authentication handling in the API endpoint /saas/commonApi/park/getParks. The application fails to adequately verify that incoming requests originate from authenticated and authorized users before processing them. This may be due to missing authentication middleware, improperly configured access controls, or authentication logic that can be circumvented through crafted requests.

Attack Vector

The attack can be launched remotely over the network. An attacker can send unauthenticated HTTP requests directly to the vulnerable API endpoint. Since no credentials or prior authentication is required, the attack has a low barrier to entry. The attacker can potentially:

1. Access park information and configuration data without authorization
2. Enumerate system resources and sensitive data
3. Potentially chain this vulnerability with other flaws to escalate privileges or manipulate system data

The vulnerability does not require user interaction, meaning it can be exploited through automated scripts or tools targeting exposed instances of the parking fee collection system.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2388

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or unauthorized access attempts to the /saas/commonApi/park/getParks endpoint
• High volume of API requests from unknown or suspicious IP addresses
• Access to park data endpoints without corresponding authentication events in logs
• API responses being returned to requests lacking proper authentication tokens or session cookies

Detection Strategies

• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /saas/commonApi/park/getParks that lack authentication headers
• Implement anomaly detection for API access patterns that deviate from normal authenticated user behavior
• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block requests attempting authentication bypass
• Review API audit logs for access events that bypass normal authentication workflows

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging on all API endpoints, particularly those handling sensitive park and fee data
• Set up alerts for failed authentication attempts followed by successful API access to the same endpoint
• Monitor for reconnaissance activity targeting the /saas/commonApi/ directory structure
• Implement rate limiting and IP-based blocking for suspicious request patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2388

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the vulnerable API endpoint using firewall rules or network segmentation
• Implement additional authentication controls at the network or application gateway level
• Review and audit all API endpoints for similar authentication weaknesses
• Monitor systems for signs of exploitation while awaiting an official patch
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected endpoint if it is not critical to operations

Patch Information

As of the last update, no official vendor patch has been documented in the available CVE data. Organizations using Keytop 路内停车收费系统 version 2.7.1 should contact the vendor directly to inquire about security updates and patches. For additional technical details, refer to the VulDB entry and the GitHub Project Wiki.

Workarounds

• Deploy a reverse proxy or API gateway with strict authentication enforcement in front of the vulnerable endpoint
• Implement IP whitelisting to restrict API access to known, trusted IP addresses only
• Add custom authentication middleware at the application layer if source code access is available
• Use network segmentation to isolate the parking system from untrusted networks
• Enable comprehensive logging and monitoring to detect any exploitation attempts while awaiting a permanent fix

# Example: Restricting access to vulnerable endpoint using iptables
# Allow only trusted internal networks to access the application
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP