CVE-2025-1855 Overview
CVE-2025-1855 is a SQL injection vulnerability in PHPGurukul Online Shopping Portal version 2.1. The flaw resides in the /product-details.php script, where the quality, price, value, name, summary, and review parameters are passed to backend SQL queries without proper sanitization. Authenticated attackers can manipulate these parameters remotely to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output). Public technical details have been disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation against exposed instances.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low-privilege access can manipulate database queries through /product-details.php parameters, leading to unauthorized read and write access to the underlying database.
Affected Products
- PHPGurukul Online Shopping Portal 2.1
- CPE: cpe:2.3:a:phpgurukul:online_shopping_portal:2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- Component: phpgurukul:online_shopping_portal
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-03-03 - CVE-2025-1855 published to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
- 2025-06-24 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-1855
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability affects the product details handler in PHPGurukul Online Shopping Portal 2.1. The /product-details.php endpoint accepts user-supplied input through several parameters and embeds those values directly into SQL statements. Because the application does not use parameterized queries or input validation, attacker-controlled input is interpreted as SQL syntax.
The injection points include quality, price, value, name, summary, and review. Exploitation requires only low-level authenticated access, and the attack is performed over the network. Successful exploitation can result in unauthorized retrieval of database records, modification of stored data, or extraction of credentials stored in application tables.
A detailed audit of the vulnerable code path is available in the GitHub SQL Injection Audit.
Root Cause
The root cause is the direct concatenation of HTTP request parameters into SQL query strings inside /product-details.php. The application omits input validation, type enforcement, and prepared statements. Single quotes, comment sequences, and SQL keywords supplied by an attacker are passed unchanged to the database engine.
Attack Vector
The attack vector is remote and network-based. An authenticated user submits crafted values to /product-details.php through one or more of the vulnerable parameters. The malicious payload alters the query's logical structure, allowing operations such as UNION SELECT, conditional time-based extraction, or boolean-based blind retrieval. No user interaction is required beyond the attacker's own session.
For reference on the disclosure and exploit characteristics, see VulDB #298123.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-1855
Indicators of Compromise
- Web server access logs containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in quality, price, value, name, summary, or review parameters of requests to /product-details.php.
- Unusually long or URL-encoded query strings targeting /product-details.php.
- Database error responses or anomalous response times correlated with requests to the product details endpoint.
- Unexpected INFORMATION_SCHEMA queries originating from the web application's database user.
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect requests to /product-details.php for SQL injection patterns across the listed parameters.
- Enable database query logging and alert on queries referencing system tables initiated from the application account.
- Correlate authentication events with subsequent anomalous parameter activity to identify low-privilege accounts probing the endpoint.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Monitor HTTP 500 responses from /product-details.php as indicators of failed injection attempts.
- Track outbound data volume from the database server for sudden spikes consistent with bulk extraction.
- Review authentication logs for newly created or rarely used accounts accessing product detail pages.
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-1855
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network exposure of the PHPGurukul Online Shopping Portal until a fix is available.
- Enforce WAF rules that block SQL metacharacters in the affected parameters.
- Audit application database accounts and revoke unnecessary privileges, especially FILE, CREATE, and DROP rights.
- Rotate any credentials, session tokens, and API keys stored in the application database if exploitation is suspected.
Patch Information
No vendor patch has been published in the referenced advisory data. Refer to the PHPGurukul main site for updates. Until an official fix is released, apply compensating controls and consider taking vulnerable instances offline. Additional disclosure context is available at VulDB CTI #298123.
Workarounds
- Place the application behind a reverse proxy or WAF that filters SQL injection patterns on /product-details.php.
- Modify the source of /product-details.php to use parameterized queries (PDO::prepare with bound parameters or mysqli prepared statements).
- Apply server-side input validation that enforces numeric types for price, quality, and value, and length-limits string parameters.
- Disable verbose database error messages in PHP configuration to limit information leakage during probing.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
