CVE-2025-15631: Omada Device Auth Bypass Vulnerability

CVE-2025-15631 Overview

CVE-2025-15631 is a cryptographic weakness affecting Omada network devices. The vulnerability stems from the use of a legacy hashing algorithm to protect site credentials stored on affected devices. This algorithm does not provide sufficient protection against modern credential recovery techniques [CWE-759].

An attacker who gains access to stored credential data can recover valid credentials from the weakly hashed values. Recovered credentials allow unauthorized access to affected devices or their management environments. The attack requires adjacent network access and high privileges to reach the stored credential data.

Critical Impact
Attackers with access to stored credential data can recover valid site credentials and gain unauthorized access to Omada devices or management consoles.

Affected Products

Omada network devices (see vendor advisory for specific models and firmware versions)
TP-Link Omada controller and managed device software
Refer to the Omada Networks Download Support portal for affected firmware

Discovery Timeline

2026-08-03 - CVE-2025-15631 published to NVD
2026-08-06 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-15631

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the credential storage mechanism of affected Omada devices. Site credentials are hashed using a legacy algorithm that lacks sufficient resistance to precomputation and brute-force attacks. This weakness maps to [CWE-759], the use of a one-way hash without a salt, or the use of a hash algorithm that is no longer computationally hardened.

Modern credential storage requires adaptive hashing functions such as bcrypt, scrypt, or Argon2 with a per-credential salt. Legacy algorithms such as MD5 or unsalted SHA-1 allow attackers to run large-scale offline recovery using rainbow tables or GPU-accelerated cracking. Once a credential is recovered, the attacker can authenticate to the device or management environment as a legitimate user.

The attack vector is adjacent network, meaning the attacker must be on the same logical network segment. Exploitation also requires prior high-privilege access to obtain the stored credential material.

Root Cause

The root cause is the selection of a hashing algorithm that fails to meet current cryptographic guidance. The algorithm produces credential representations that can be reversed offline with commodity hardware. No adaptive work factor or per-credential salt sufficiently slows the recovery process.

Attack Vector

An attacker first obtains access to the stored credential database on an affected Omada device. This can occur through a compromised administrative session, a backup file, or another vulnerability that exposes the credential store. The attacker then extracts the hashed values and runs offline recovery against them. Recovered plaintext credentials are then used to authenticate to the device or its management environment.

The vulnerability has no public proof-of-concept and is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-15631

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected administrative logins to Omada devices or the Omada controller from unfamiliar accounts or source addresses
Access to credential store files, backup archives, or configuration exports from unusual hosts on the management network
New or modified site administrator accounts on affected devices without a corresponding change ticket

Detection Strategies

Audit authentication logs on Omada devices and the controller for logins outside of established administrative baselines
Correlate configuration backup or export events with the identity performing them and flag out-of-policy activity
Monitor for lateral movement from management network segments toward Omada infrastructure

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward Omada controller and device logs to a central log platform for retention and analysis
Alert on repeated failed authentication attempts followed by a successful login to any Omada management interface
Track privileged session activity on the management network and review credential store access on a recurring basis

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-15631

Immediate Actions Required

Update affected Omada devices and controllers to the latest firmware from the Omada Networks Download Support portal
Rotate all site credentials, administrator passwords, and shared secrets stored on affected devices
Restrict management-plane access to a dedicated administrative VLAN with strict access controls
Review the TP-Link FAQ on Support for vendor-specific remediation guidance

Patch Information

TP-Link and Omada Networks have published firmware updates that address the weak hashing implementation. Administrators should consult the vendor download portals for the specific fixed firmware version applicable to each device model. Apply patches during a maintenance window and verify device functionality after the upgrade.

Workarounds

Limit administrative access to the Omada controller and devices to trusted management hosts on an isolated network segment
Enforce strong, unique passwords for every administrator and site account to increase offline recovery cost
Disable or restrict any backup or configuration export functions that are not strictly required
Enable multi-factor authentication on the Omada controller where supported to reduce the value of a recovered password

bash

# Example: restrict management access to an administrative subnet
# Replace 10.0.10.0/24 with your management subnet
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 10.0.10.0/24 --dport 8043 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8043 -j DROP