CVE-2025-1535: Baiyi Cloud Asset Management SQL Injection

CVE-2025-1535 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Baiyi Cloud Asset Management System version 8.142.100.161. The vulnerability exists in the file /wuser/admin.ticket.close.php where the ticket_id parameter is not properly sanitized, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive database information, data manipulation, or complete database compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially gain further access to the underlying system through database-level exploitation techniques.

Affected Products

• Baiyi Cloud Asset Management System version 8.142.100.161

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-02-21 - CVE-2025-1535 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-1535

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) affects the ticket management functionality within Baiyi Cloud Asset Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /wuser/admin.ticket.close.php accepts user-supplied input through the ticket_id parameter without proper validation or parameterization. When this parameter is processed by the application, it is directly concatenated into SQL queries, allowing an attacker to manipulate the query structure and execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database.

The vulnerability can be exploited over the network without requiring any user interaction or authentication, making it particularly concerning for organizations using this asset management system in production environments.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and the use of unsanitized user input in SQL query construction. The application fails to implement prepared statements or parameterized queries when handling the ticket_id parameter, allowing SQL metacharacters to be interpreted as part of the query structure rather than as data values. This is a classic example of CWE-74 where special elements in user input are not properly neutralized before being used in downstream database operations.

Attack Vector

The attack can be initiated remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests targeting the /wuser/admin.ticket.close.php endpoint with specially crafted ticket_id parameter values containing SQL injection payloads. Common exploitation techniques include:

• Union-based injection: Appending UNION SELECT statements to extract data from other database tables
• Boolean-based blind injection: Using conditional statements to infer database contents through application behavior
• Time-based blind injection: Utilizing SQL delay functions to extract information when direct output is not visible
• Error-based injection: Leveraging database error messages to reveal schema information

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, and technical details are available through the GitHub CVE Documentation. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-1535

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /wuser/admin.ticket.close.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, semicolons, or UNION keywords
• Database error messages appearing in application logs or HTTP responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database queries or execution times in database audit logs
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized database access patterns

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically targeting SQL injection patterns in the ticket_id parameter
• Enable detailed logging on the web server to capture all requests to /wuser/admin.ticket.close.php
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for requests containing SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Set up alerts for database queries that contain suspicious SQL keywords or syntax anomalies
• Review authentication and authorization logs for signs of privilege escalation following SQL injection attempts
• Implement real-time monitoring for any changes to sensitive database tables that could indicate successful exploitation

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-1535

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Baiyi Cloud Asset Management System to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block requests containing SQL injection patterns in the ticket_id parameter
• Consider taking the vulnerable endpoint offline if it is not critical to business operations
• Review database audit logs for any evidence of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

At the time of disclosure, the vendor (Baiyi) was contacted but did not respond. No official patch is currently available. Organizations should monitor vendor communications for security updates. Additional technical information can be found at VulDB #296475.

Workarounds

• Deploy input validation at the application layer to sanitize the ticket_id parameter before processing
• Implement prepared statements or parameterized queries if source code modification is possible
• Use network segmentation to isolate the asset management system from critical infrastructure
• Consider implementing virtual patching through WAF rules as a temporary mitigation until an official patch is released

# Example WAF rule configuration for ModSecurity
# Block SQL injection attempts in ticket_id parameter
SecRule ARGS:ticket_id "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    log,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in ticket_id parameter - CVE-2025-1535'"