CVE-2025-12594 Overview
CVE-2025-12594 is a SQL injection vulnerability in code-projects Simple Online Hotel Reservation System 2.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/add_account.php script, where the Name parameter is concatenated into a SQL query without proper sanitization. Attackers can exploit the issue remotely over the network. The exploit code has been disclosed publicly, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed installations. The vulnerability requires high-privilege authentication, which limits the attack surface to users who already hold administrative access to the application.
Critical Impact
Authenticated administrators can inject arbitrary SQL statements through the Name parameter, leading to unauthorized read and write access to the backend database.
Affected Products
- Fabian Simple Online Hotel Reservation System 2.0
- /admin/add_account.php endpoint
- Deployments exposing the admin panel over the network
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-11-02 - CVE-2025-12594 published to NVD
- 2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-12594
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-89] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The add_account.php script processes administrator-submitted account creation data. The Name field is passed directly into a SQL query without parameterization or input filtering. An attacker who already holds administrative credentials can submit crafted payloads to alter query logic. Consequences include data extraction, modification of account records, and potential lateral movement within the application database.
Root Cause
The root cause is the absence of prepared statements or parameter binding when handling the Name POST parameter in /admin/add_account.php. The application concatenates user-supplied input directly into the SQL string, making query structure subject to attacker control.
Attack Vector
Exploitation requires network access to the admin interface and valid administrator credentials. The attacker submits a malicious value in the Name field of the account creation form. The injected SQL is executed by the backend database engine. No user interaction beyond the authenticated session is required.
No verified proof-of-concept code is included in this advisory. Technical details of the payload structure are documented in the public GitHub CVE SQL Injection Guide and VulDB entry #330889.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-12594
Indicators of Compromise
- POST requests to /admin/add_account.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, or SLEEP( in the Name parameter.
- Unexpected database errors logged by the application following administrator account creation attempts.
- New or modified rows in the accounts table that do not correspond to legitimate administrator activity.
Detection Strategies
- Inspect web server access logs for anomalous payloads targeting add_account.php, focusing on encoded SQL syntax.
- Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) rule that flags SQL keywords submitted to admin endpoints.
- Correlate administrator login events with subsequent database write activity to identify suspicious sequences.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable database query logging on the MySQL/MariaDB backend to capture queries originating from the application user.
- Monitor for repeated 500-series HTTP responses from /admin/add_account.php, which can indicate failed injection attempts.
- Alert on creation of unexpected administrator accounts or changes to existing privileged records.
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-12594
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to the /admin/ directory using IP allowlists or VPN-only access until a patch is applied.
- Rotate administrator credentials and audit existing accounts for unauthorized additions.
- Review database contents for tampering, focusing on the accounts and reservations tables.
Patch Information
No official vendor patch has been published for code-projects Simple Online Hotel Reservation System 2.0 at the time of disclosure. Operators should consult the code-projects resource hub for vendor updates and the VulDB advisory for tracking.
Workarounds
- Modify add_account.php to use parameterized queries (prepared statements) via PDO or MySQLi for all user-supplied input.
- Apply server-side input validation that rejects non-alphanumeric characters in the Name field.
- Place the application behind a WAF configured to block common SQL injection signatures targeting POST parameters.
# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) to block SQLi attempts on add_account.php
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@streq /admin/add_account.php" \
"phase:2,chain,deny,status:403,id:1012594,msg:'Potential SQLi in Name parameter'"
SecRule ARGS:Name "@detectSQLi" "t:none"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
