CVE-2025-11331: IdeaCMS Command Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11331 Overview

CVE-2025-11331 is a command injection vulnerability in IdeaCMS versions up to 1.8. The flaw resides in an unspecified function within app/common/logic/admin/Config.php, part of the Website Name Handler component. Attackers can manipulate the 网站名称 (website name) argument to inject operating system commands. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely but requires high privileges to abuse. Public exploit details have been released, and the vendor did not respond to disclosure attempts. The weakness is classified under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Critical Impact
Authenticated administrators can inject arbitrary OS commands through the website name configuration field, potentially compromising the underlying server hosting IdeaCMS.

Affected Products

IdeaCMS versions up to and including 1.8
Component: Website Name Handler (app/common/logic/admin/Config.php)
Vendor: ideacms

Discovery Timeline

2025-10-06 - CVE-2025-11331 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11331

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the IdeaCMS administrative configuration logic. The app/common/logic/admin/Config.php file processes the website name parameter without proper input sanitization or output neutralization. When an administrator submits a configuration update containing the 网站名称 field, the application passes attacker-controlled content into a downstream command context. This enables command injection against the server running the application.

Because exploitation requires high privileges, only authenticated users with administrative access can trigger the flaw. However, the publicly disclosed exploit lowers the barrier for post-authentication abuse, and the EPSS percentile of 96.764 indicates elevated predictive risk of exploitation activity.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements passed to a downstream interpreter [CWE-74]. The configuration handler accepts the website name string and incorporates it into a command or shell context without escaping shell metacharacters such as ;, |, &&, or backticks. The lack of allow-list validation on configuration inputs permits arbitrary commands to be appended to legitimate operations.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires authentication with administrative privileges. An attacker with valid admin credentials submits a crafted value to the website name configuration field through the admin panel. The malicious payload contains shell metacharacters followed by attacker-supplied commands. When IdeaCMS processes the configuration update through Config.php, the injected commands execute under the web server account context. Technical details and proof-of-concept information are referenced in the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #327214.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11331

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected child processes spawned by the PHP-FPM or web server worker associated with IdeaCMS
Modifications to the website name configuration field containing shell metacharacters such as ;, |, &, $(), or backticks
Outbound network connections originating from the web server immediately after admin configuration updates
New or modified files in web-accessible directories following access to app/common/logic/admin/Config.php workflows

Detection Strategies

Inspect HTTP request bodies sent to administrative configuration endpoints for shell metacharacters in the 网站名称 parameter
Correlate admin login events with subsequent process executions on the host running IdeaCMS
Apply file integrity monitoring on IdeaCMS application directories and the underlying webroot
Review database config tables for stored website name values containing unexpected punctuation or command syntax

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web application and PHP error logs to a centralized analytics platform for anomaly review
Alert on web server processes spawning shells such as /bin/sh, /bin/bash, cmd.exe, or powershell.exe
Track administrative session activity and flag configuration changes containing non-printable or special characters
Baseline normal admin behavior and alert on configuration edits outside business hours

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11331

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the IdeaCMS administrative interface to trusted IP ranges or VPN users
Rotate administrator credentials and enforce strong, unique passwords with multi-factor authentication where possible
Audit existing configuration values for tampering and review web server logs for prior exploitation attempts
Run IdeaCMS under a least-privilege service account that cannot execute system binaries unnecessarily

Patch Information

No vendor patch is available at the time of publication. The vendor was contacted but did not respond to the disclosure. Administrators should monitor the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and the VulDB advisory for updates. Until a fix is released, treat all IdeaCMS deployments up to version 1.8 as vulnerable.

Workarounds

Place the IdeaCMS admin panel behind a reverse proxy with strict authentication and request inspection
Deploy a web application firewall rule that blocks shell metacharacters in the 网站名称 parameter
Disable or remove the website name configuration endpoint if it is not operationally required
Apply mandatory access controls such as AppArmor or SELinux to restrict the web server's ability to invoke shell interpreters

bash

# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) blocking shell metacharacters in the website name parameter
SecRule ARGS:"网站名称" "@rx [;|&`$\\(\\)]" \
    "id:1011331,phase:2,deny,status:403,\
    msg:'CVE-2025-11331 IdeaCMS command injection attempt'"