CVE-2025-11049: Portabilis i-Educar Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-11049 Overview

CVE-2025-11049 is a broken access control vulnerability in Portabilis i-Educar versions up to 2.10. The flaw resides in the /unificacao-aluno endpoint, which fails to enforce proper authorization checks on incoming requests. An authenticated low-privileged user can manipulate the endpoint to perform actions reserved for higher-privileged roles. Remote exploitation is possible over the network, and the exploit details are publicly available. The weakness is classified under CWE-266: Incorrect Privilege Assignment.

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can abuse the /unificacao-aluno endpoint to perform unauthorized student record unification operations, compromising the confidentiality and integrity of academic data managed by i-Educar.

Affected Products

Portabilis i-Educar versions up to and including 2.10
Deployments exposing the /unificacao-aluno endpoint to authenticated users
School management environments running unpatched i-Educar instances

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-27 - CVE-2025-11049 published to the National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
2026-04-29 - Last updated in the NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11049

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability affects the student unification feature exposed through the /unificacao-aluno route in i-Educar. The endpoint does not adequately validate whether the requesting user holds the role required to perform student record merging. Because authorization is enforced inconsistently, a low-privileged authenticated account can issue crafted requests and trigger functionality intended only for administrators. This results in improper authorization, allowing modification of student data outside of the user's permitted scope. Public disclosure of the issue increases the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation against exposed instances.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing or insufficient server-side authorization checks within the /unificacao-aluno handler. The application relies on client-controllable parameters and authenticated session state without verifying that the authenticated principal possesses the privilege level required for the operation. This aligns with CWE-266: Incorrect Privilege Assignment.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires a valid low-privileged account on the target i-Educar instance. No user interaction is required beyond submitting the crafted HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint. Technical details are documented in the GitHub CVE Analysis by marcelomulder and the corresponding CVE-2025-11049 write-up.

No verified proof-of-concept code is included here. Refer to the linked advisories for request-level technical details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11049

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /unificacao-aluno originating from accounts that do not hold administrative roles
Unexpected merges or modifications of student records performed outside of normal administrative workflows
Audit log entries showing privilege-sensitive actions tied to low-privileged session identifiers

Detection Strategies

Inspect web server and application logs for accesses to /unificacao-aluno and correlate them with the role of the requesting user
Compare changes in student records against the role of the user who initiated them to surface authorization mismatches
Deploy WAF rules that flag or block /unificacao-aluno requests not originating from approved administrative source addresses

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable verbose application-level audit logging for student unification operations and forward events to a central SIEM
Alert on first-time use of the /unificacao-aluno endpoint per user account
Track aggregate request volume against the endpoint and trigger anomaly alerts on sudden increases

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11049

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the /unificacao-aluno endpoint at the reverse proxy or WAF to administrative IP ranges until a fix is applied
Audit existing i-Educar user accounts and remove unnecessary privileges from low-trust users
Review recent student record changes to identify any unauthorized unification activity

Patch Information

No vendor advisory URL is currently listed in the NVD record for CVE-2025-11049. Administrators should monitor the Portabilis i-Educar repository for a release addressing the broken access control issue and upgrade beyond version 2.10 once a patched release is published. Reference the VulDB entry #326086 for vendor coordination status.

Workarounds

Place the /unificacao-aluno endpoint behind a network-level access control list limited to administrator workstations
Disable accounts that do not require access to student management features until the application is updated
Implement reverse proxy authorization rules that validate the user's role before forwarding requests to the endpoint

bash

# Example nginx restriction for the vulnerable endpoint
location /unificacao-aluno {
    allow 10.10.0.0/24;   # administrative subnet
    deny  all;
    proxy_pass http://i_educar_backend;
}