CVE-2025-10848: Campcodes Society Membership SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-10848 Overview

CVE-2025-10848 is a SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Society Membership Information System 1.0. The flaw exists in the /check_student.php script, where the student_id parameter is passed to a database query without proper sanitization. Attackers can manipulate this argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The issue is remotely exploitable and requires low-level privileges. Public disclosure of the exploit increases the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed deployments. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low privileges can inject SQL queries through the student_id parameter, potentially exposing or modifying membership records stored in the backend database.

Affected Products

Campcodes Society Membership Information System 1.0
Component: /check_student.php
Parameter: student_id

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-23 - CVE-2025-10848 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10848

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the request handler for /check_student.php. The script accepts a student_id value from the client and concatenates it into a SQL query without parameterization or input validation. An attacker can supply crafted input that breaks out of the intended query context and appends additional SQL clauses.

Because the attack vector is network-based and authentication requirements are low, the flaw is reachable by any user able to interact with the application. The publicly disclosed proof-of-concept lowers the barrier to exploitation. According to the Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS), the probability of exploitation activity is approximately 0.343%.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of prepared statements or input sanitization when handling the student_id parameter. User-supplied data is treated as part of the SQL command rather than as data, allowing query structure modification. This pattern aligns with [CWE-74] injection weaknesses.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends an HTTP request to /check_student.php with a malicious student_id value. The injected payload alters the executed SQL, enabling extraction of database contents, authentication bypass through tautological conditions, or modification of stored records. No user interaction is required beyond submitting the request.

The vulnerability mechanism is described in the VulDB advisory #325209 and supporting technical analysis. Refer to these sources for proof-of-concept payload structure.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10848

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /check_student.php containing SQL meta-characters such as single quotes, UNION, SELECT, --, or OR 1=1 in the student_id parameter.
Database error messages or unusually large response payloads returned from check_student.php.
Repeated requests from a single source iterating values in student_id consistent with automated injection tooling.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect query and POST parameters for SQL injection signatures, focusing on /check_student.php.
Enable verbose web server access logging and forward logs to a centralized analytics platform for query pattern analysis.
Correlate web request logs with database query logs to identify anomalous query structures originating from the membership application.

Monitoring Recommendations

Alert on outbound database queries containing UNION SELECT, INFORMATION_SCHEMA, or comment delimiters originating from the application service account.
Monitor for spikes in 500-series HTTP responses from /check_student.php, which often indicate failed injection attempts.
Track authentication and session anomalies that may follow successful credential extraction from the database.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10848

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the Society Membership Information System until a vendor patch is applied, exposing it only to trusted networks.
Place the application behind a WAF with active SQL injection rules and tune detections against /check_student.php.
Audit web server and database logs for prior exploitation attempts targeting the student_id parameter.

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been published in the referenced advisories at the time of CVE assignment. Consult the CampCodes vendor site for updates and apply any released fixes immediately. If no patch is available, consider migrating away from the affected application or applying source-level fixes by replacing concatenated SQL with parameterized queries.

Workarounds

Modify /check_student.php to use prepared statements with bound parameters for the student_id value.
Apply server-side input validation that enforces a strict numeric or alphanumeric format on student_id before query execution.
Restrict the database account used by the application to least-privilege roles, removing rights such as FILE, DROP, or schema introspection where not required.

bash

# Example PHP remediation pattern using PDO prepared statements
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM students WHERE student_id = :sid');
$stmt->bindValue(':sid', $_POST['student_id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();