CVE-2025-10620: Online Clinic Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-10620 Overview

CVE-2025-10620 is a SQL injection vulnerability in itsourcecode Online Clinic Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /editp2.php script, where the id, firstname, lastname, type, age, and address parameters are concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization. Authenticated remote attackers can manipulate these parameters to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database. A public proof-of-concept demonstrating time-based blind SQL injection has been published. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low-privileged access can extract or alter clinical records, including patient identifiers and personal health information, through SQL injection against /editp2.php.

Affected Products

Angeljudesuarez Online Clinic Management System 1.0
Deployments sourced from the itsourcecode distribution channel
Any forks reusing the unpatched /editp2.php handler

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-17 - CVE-2025-10620 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10620

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability affects the patient edit workflow exposed through /editp2.php. The script accepts user-supplied values for id, firstname, lastname, type, age, and address, then incorporates them directly into SQL statements. Because input is neither parameterized nor escaped, attackers can break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL clauses.

The published proof-of-concept relies on time-based blind injection techniques, using conditional SLEEP() payloads to infer database contents one bit at a time. This technique works even when the application suppresses verbose error output. Exploitation requires network reachability to the PHP application and a low-privileged session, consistent with the application's authenticated patient management surface.

The Online Clinic Management System stores patient demographics, appointment metadata, and treatment records. Successful injection can therefore expose protected health information or allow tampering with clinical records used for billing and care decisions.

Root Cause

The root cause is unparameterized SQL query construction in /editp2.php. The script concatenates request parameters into the SQL string rather than using prepared statements with bound parameters. The CWE-74 classification reflects the broader failure to neutralize special characters before they reach the SQL interpreter.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based. An attacker authenticates to the application, then submits crafted values to /editp2.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, comments, UNION clauses, or time-delay functions. The injected payload executes with the privileges of the database account configured for the web application, which typically permits full read and write access to clinical tables.

The vulnerability is described in detail in the GitHub PoC Repository and tracked in VulDB #324647.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10620

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /editp2.php containing SQL keywords such as SLEEP(, BENCHMARK(, UNION SELECT, OR 1=1, or comment sequences -- and /*
Anomalously long response times for /editp2.php requests, consistent with time-based blind injection probes
Database query logs showing parameter values containing single quotes, parentheses, or stacked statements originating from the patient edit workflow
Repeated /editp2.php submissions from a single session iterating through ASCII values of target characters

Detection Strategies

Deploy a web application firewall ruleset that inspects id, firstname, lastname, type, age, and address parameters for SQL metacharacters
Enable MySQL or MariaDB general query logging during incident review and correlate timestamps with HTTP access logs for /editp2.php
Alert when the same authenticated session issues more than a configurable threshold of edits per minute against /editp2.php

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server access logs and database query logs to a centralized analytics platform for retention and correlation
Baseline normal response latency for /editp2.php and alert on requests exceeding the baseline by a factor consistent with SLEEP() payloads
Monitor for outbound database connections or DNS exfiltration patterns initiated by the PHP process during clinical-record edits

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10620

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to /editp2.php at the reverse proxy or web server until a vendor patch is applied
Rotate database credentials used by the application and reduce that account's privileges to the minimum required tables and operations
Audit the patient, appointment, and user tables for unauthorized modifications and exported records since deployment
Block known proof-of-concept payload signatures at the web application firewall

Patch Information

No vendor-supplied patch is currently referenced in the NVD record or VulDB entry. Operators should monitor the itsourcecode project page for an updated release. In the interim, refactor /editp2.php to use PDO or mysqli prepared statements with bound parameters, and apply server-side type validation on numeric fields such as id and age.

Workarounds

Place the application behind a web application firewall configured with OWASP Core Rule Set SQL injection signatures
Remove or disable the /editp2.php endpoint if the patient edit feature is not in active use
Enforce strict input validation upstream by rejecting non-numeric values for id and age and constraining type to an allow-list

bash

# Example Apache configuration restricting /editp2.php to trusted internal addresses
<Location "/editp2.php">
    Require ip 10.0.0.0/8
    Require ip 192.168.0.0/16
</Location>

# Example nginx ModSecurity rule blocking common SQLi tokens on the affected endpoint
location = /editp2.php {
    modsecurity on;
    modsecurity_rules '
        SecRule ARGS "@rx (?i)(union(\s|/\*.*\*/)+select|sleep\s*\(|benchmark\s*\(|--|;)" \
        "id:1010620,phase:2,deny,status:403,msg:''CVE-2025-10620 SQLi attempt''"
    ';
}