CVE-2025-10098: PHPGurukul User Management SQLI Flaw

CVE-2025-10098 Overview

CVE-2025-10098 is a SQL injection vulnerability in PHPGurukul User Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/edit-user-profile.php script, where the uid parameter is passed to a backend database query without proper sanitization. Authenticated remote attackers can manipulate the uid argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The issue is classified under [CWE-89] SQL Injection and [CWE-74] Improper Neutralization of Special Elements. Public disclosure indicates that exploit details have been released, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed instances.

Critical Impact
Successful exploitation allows attackers to read, modify, or delete administrative user records and potentially extract credentials from the underlying database.

Affected Products

PHPGurukul User Management System 1.0
Component: /admin/edit-user-profile.php
Vulnerable parameter: uid

Discovery Timeline

2025-09-08 - CVE-2025-10098 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10098

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the administrative profile editor of PHPGurukul User Management System 1.0. The edit-user-profile.php endpoint receives a user identifier through the uid parameter and incorporates it into a SQL query without parameterized binding or input validation. Attackers with access to the admin interface can append SQL syntax to the uid value to alter query semantics. The flaw is reachable over the network and requires low privileges to trigger. Public exploit material has been referenced in third-party tracking databases, including VulDB entries 323059 and 644966.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements in a SQL command [CWE-89]. The application concatenates the uid HTTP parameter directly into a SQL statement rather than using prepared statements with bound parameters. Any attacker-controlled metacharacters such as single quotes, comments, or UNION clauses are passed through to the database engine. This is a recurring pattern in legacy PHP applications that build queries with string interpolation.

Attack Vector

An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /admin/edit-user-profile.php with a malicious uid value. By appending boolean-based, error-based, or union-based payloads, the attacker can enumerate database schema, dump user tables, or modify records. The vulnerability requires low privileges but no user interaction. See the VulDB advisory and the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker for technical references.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10098

Indicators of Compromise

Web server access logs containing requests to /admin/edit-user-profile.php with SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, or SLEEP( in the uid parameter.
Database error messages emitted in HTTP responses referencing MySQL syntax errors tied to the uid value.
Unexpected modifications to administrative user records in the tbluser or equivalent table.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that flag SQL syntax in query string and POST body parameters submitted to /admin/ endpoints.
Hunt for anomalous response sizes or HTTP 500 errors on edit-user-profile.php requests, which often indicate injection probing.
Correlate authenticated admin sessions with unusual database query volumes against the User Management System schema.

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable MySQL general query logging on hosts running the User Management System and review queries targeting the uid column.
Alert on outbound data transfers from the database tier that exceed baseline volumes following admin panel activity.
Monitor administrative account creation, role changes, and password resets in the application database.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10098

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to /admin/ paths to trusted IP ranges using network ACLs or reverse proxy controls.
Rotate all administrative credentials for the User Management System and review the user table for unauthorized entries.
Place the application behind a WAF with SQL injection signatures enabled until a fix is applied.

Patch Information

No vendor patch URL is published in the NVD record at the time of writing. Review the PHP Gurukul Resource Hub for updated releases. If no upstream patch is available, source-level remediation is required: replace concatenated SQL with prepared statements using mysqli_prepare or PDO bound parameters for the uid value in edit-user-profile.php.

Workarounds

Apply a virtual patch via WAF that rejects requests to /admin/edit-user-profile.php where uid is not strictly numeric.
Modify the source to cast uid to an integer with (int)$_GET['uid'] before use in any SQL statement as a temporary mitigation.
Disable the affected administrative module if it is not required for daily operations.

bash

# Example nginx rule to enforce numeric uid on the vulnerable endpoint
location = /admin/edit-user-profile.php {
    if ($arg_uid !~ "^[0-9]+$") {
        return 403;
    }
}