CVE-2025-0615: Qualifio Wheel of Fortune Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-0615 Overview

CVE-2025-0615 is an input validation vulnerability affecting Qualifio's Wheel of Fortune promotional application. The flaw allows an attacker to append the + symbol to an email address to bypass duplicate-entry checks. Because most mail servers treat user+tag@domain.com as an alias for user@domain.com, the attacker can register the same underlying inbox multiple times. This lets the attacker participate in the promotion and claim prizes repeatedly. The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) catalogs this issue under [CWE-22] and rates it as medium severity. Qualifio's platform is used by brands to run gamified marketing campaigns, so the flaw has direct fraud and financial implications for campaign operators.

Critical Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can abuse email alias handling to enter a promotion an unlimited number of times and fraudulently claim prizes, undermining the integrity of any campaign hosted on Qualifio's Wheel of Fortune.

Affected Products

Qualifio Wheel of Fortune application
Qualifio interactive marketing platform (Wheel of Fortune module)
Campaigns deployed through the affected Qualifio module

Discovery Timeline

2025-01-21 - CVE-2025-0615 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0615

Vulnerability Analysis

The Wheel of Fortune application enforces a single-entry rule by comparing the email address supplied at registration against previously submitted values. The comparison is performed as a literal string match. It does not normalize the local part of the address before checking uniqueness. RFC 5233 sub-addressing (also known as plus addressing) permits arbitrary tags after a + sign in the local part of an email address. Standards-compliant mail servers deliver victim+a@example.com, victim+b@example.com, and victim@example.com to the same inbox. The application treats each variant as a distinct user. This lets a single participant repeatedly register, spin the wheel, and receive winnings tied to different alias forms of the same address.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing input canonicalization on the email field. The application should strip sub-address tags and lowercase the domain before enforcing uniqueness. Because it does not, the business logic that limits one entry per participant fails. The issue is tracked under [CWE-22] in the NVD record, though the underlying weakness is best characterized as improper input validation combined with a business logic flaw.

Attack Vector

Exploitation is trivial and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker registers with attacker@example.com, then repeats the registration with attacker+1@example.com, attacker+2@example.com, and so on. Each submission is accepted as a new participant. The attacker collects prize codes or wins delivered to the shared inbox. No exploit code is required beyond a browser or a scripted HTTP client. No public proof-of-concept has been published, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. See the INCIBE Security Notice for the coordinated disclosure details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0615

Indicators of Compromise

Multiple participant records whose email local parts share the same base value but differ only by a +tag suffix.
A single IP address or browser fingerprint submitting many registrations within a short window.
Prize redemption events clustered against email aliases resolving to the same inbox domain.
Elevated win rates or prize payouts from a small number of underlying mailboxes.

Detection Strategies

Query the campaign database for entries matching the pattern ^[^+]+\+[^@]+@ and group by the normalized local part.
Compare hashed, normalized email values (lowercased, +tag stripped) across registrations to surface duplicates.
Correlate registration timestamps, IP addresses, and User-Agent strings to identify automated abuse.

Monitoring Recommendations

Alert on any participant whose normalized email appears more than once in the same campaign.
Track prize-award frequency per normalized email and per source IP, and flag statistical outliers.
Log all registration submissions with full HTTP context so fraud analysts can reconstruct abuse chains.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0615

Immediate Actions Required

Contact Qualifio to confirm that the fix addressed in the INCIBE Security Notice has been applied to your tenant.
Audit active and recently closed Wheel of Fortune campaigns for duplicate entries sharing a normalized email address.
Withhold pending prize payouts until fraudulent entries are removed.
Reset campaign leaderboards where duplicate-entry abuse is confirmed.

Patch Information

Qualifio addressed the vulnerability in coordination with INCIBE-CERT. Refer to the INCIBE Security Notice for the vendor-supplied remediation and confirm with Qualifio support that your instance runs the patched version. No specific fixed version identifier is published in the NVD entry.

Workarounds

Normalize submitted email addresses server-side by lowercasing the domain and stripping any +tag suffix before uniqueness checks.
Enforce one entry per normalized email and per client IP within the campaign window.
Add CAPTCHA or rate limiting to the registration endpoint to slow automated enumeration of alias forms.
Require email verification via a one-time link before an entry counts toward prize eligibility.

bash

# Example server-side normalization applied before duplicate check
normalize_email() {
  local addr="$1"
  local local_part="${addr%@*}"
  local domain="${addr#*@}"
  local_part="${local_part%%+*}"
  echo "${local_part,,}@${domain,,}"
}

# Usage: reject if normalize_email "$INPUT" already exists in participants table