CVE-2025-0404: gymxmjpa CoachController SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-0404 Overview

CVE-2025-0404 is a SQL injection vulnerability in liujianview gymxmjpa version 1.0, a Java-based gym management application. The flaw resides in the CoachController class located at src/main/java/com/liujian/gymxmjpa/controller/CoachController.java. Attackers can manipulate the coachName argument to inject arbitrary SQL into backend database queries. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network and requires low-privileged authentication. The exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed instances. The issue is classified under CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component.

Critical Impact
Remote authenticated attackers can inject SQL statements through the coachName parameter to read, modify, or destroy database contents in the affected gym management application.

Affected Products

liujianview gymxmjpa 1.0
CoachController component in src/main/java/com/liujian/gymxmjpa/controller/CoachController.java
Deployments exposing the vulnerable coach search endpoint

Discovery Timeline

2025-01-13 - CVE-2025-0404 published to NVD
2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0404

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability originates in the CoachController component of the gymxmjpa application. This controller handles HTTP requests related to coach records and accepts a coachName parameter from clients. The parameter is passed into a database query without proper parameterization or input sanitization. As a result, attacker-controlled input becomes part of the SQL statement executed by the backend.

An authenticated attacker can supply crafted coachName values containing SQL syntax such as UNION selects, boolean-based tautologies, or stacked queries. The database interprets the injected fragments as instructions rather than data. This yields unauthorized read and write access to underlying tables, including potential exposure of user credentials and membership records stored by the gym management system.

The issue is tracked under CWE-74, which covers improper neutralization of special elements in downstream components. Public disclosure of exploit details on GitHub and VulDB makes the attack pattern reproducible with minimal effort.

Root Cause

The root cause is the direct concatenation of the coachName request parameter into a SQL query string within CoachController.java. The code path does not use prepared statements, parameterized queries, or ORM binding features that would treat user input strictly as data. Without a neutralization layer, any special SQL characters submitted by the client are executed by the database engine.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends an HTTP request to the coach search endpoint exposed by the application. The request includes a coachName value containing SQL metacharacters and clauses designed to alter the query logic. The attack requires network access to the application and a low-privileged authenticated session. No user interaction is required, and the payload can be delivered through automated tooling.

Because no verified proof-of-concept code has been released beyond the disclosure summary, this article does not reproduce exploit payloads. Refer to the GitHub issue report for the vendor-tracked details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0404

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to the gymxmjpa coach endpoints containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the coachName parameter.
Unexpected database errors or stack traces referencing CoachController in application logs.
Anomalous query patterns from application service accounts, including access to tables outside the coach data scope.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect the coachName parameter for SQL injection signatures and boolean-based payloads.
Enable database query logging and alert on queries containing tautologies (OR 1=1), stacked statements, or INFORMATION_SCHEMA access originating from the application user.
Correlate authentication events with subsequent high-volume or malformed queries to identify credential abuse against the vulnerable endpoint.

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server, application, and database logs to a centralized analytics platform for correlation and retention.
Baseline normal query patterns issued by the gymxmjpa service account and alert on deviations in table access or query structure.
Monitor egress traffic from the application host for signs of database exfiltration following suspicious request patterns.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0404

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network exposure of the gymxmjpa application to trusted networks or VPN users until a fix is applied.
Audit application logs for prior exploitation attempts targeting the coachName parameter and rotate any database credentials that may have been exposed.
Enforce least-privilege on the database account used by the application so that injection cannot escalate beyond the coach dataset.

Patch Information

No official vendor patch is referenced in the enriched CVE data at the time of publication. Track the upstream GitHub issue and the VulDB entry for remediation updates. Until an upstream fix is available, apply the workarounds below.

Workarounds

Modify CoachController.java to use parameterized queries or JPA parameter binding for the coachName argument instead of string concatenation.
Add server-side input validation that rejects coachName values containing SQL metacharacters or exceeding a strict length limit.
Deploy a WAF rule set (for example, OWASP Core Rule Set) in front of the application to block common SQL injection payloads targeting the coach endpoint.

bash

# Example ModSecurity rule to block SQLi patterns in the coachName parameter
SecRule ARGS:coachName "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1000404,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    msg:'Potential SQL Injection in coachName (CVE-2025-0404)',\
    logdata:'Matched Data: %{MATCHED_VAR}'"