CVE-2025-0045: AMD Secure Processor Buffer Overflow Flaw

CVE-2025-0045 Overview

CVE-2025-0045 is an improper input validation vulnerability in the AMD Secure Processor (ASP) PCI driver. The flaw allows a local authenticated attacker to trigger a buffer overflow condition through crafted input to the driver. Successful exploitation can crash the affected system, resulting in denial of service.

The vulnerability is tracked under [CWE-120] (Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input). It requires local access and low privileges, with no user interaction needed. AMD published security bulletins SB-3047 and SB-4015 to document affected products and provide remediation guidance.

Critical Impact

Local attackers with low privileges can crash systems running affected AMD Secure Processor PCI drivers, causing service disruption on impacted hosts.

Affected Products

• AMD Secure Processor (ASP) PCI driver — see AMD Security Bulletin SB-3047
• AMD platforms enumerated in AMD Security Bulletin SB-4015
• Refer to AMD bulletins for the complete list of affected processors and firmware versions

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-05-15 - CVE-2025-0045 published to NVD
• 2026-05-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0045

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the AMD Secure Processor (ASP) PCI driver, which mediates communication between the host operating system and the AMD Secure Processor. The driver fails to properly validate input boundaries before copying data into a fixed-size buffer. An attacker with local access and low privileges can supply crafted input that exceeds the expected size, triggering a buffer overflow.

The overflow results in memory corruption within the driver context. Because the ASP PCI driver typically runs with elevated privileges, the overflow leads to a system crash and denial of service. The vulnerability does not appear to provide a direct path to code execution based on the published advisory, but availability impact is high.

The Exploit Prediction Scoring System currently reflects a low probability of exploitation in the wild, and no public proof-of-concept has been released.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper input validation prior to a memory copy operation in the ASP PCI driver. The driver does not enforce length checks against the destination buffer size, allowing oversized input from user space to corrupt adjacent kernel memory. This pattern matches the classic [CWE-120] buffer copy weakness.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires local access to an affected system with at least low-privileged credentials. An attacker invokes the ASP PCI driver interface — typically through IOCTL or device file operations — and submits malformed input that exceeds the validated bounds. The driver processes the input without sanitization, corrupting memory and crashing the kernel or driver thread.

No network access or user interaction is required. The attack complexity is low, but the local access requirement limits remote exposure.

No verified public exploit code is available. Refer to AMD's bulletins for technical advisory details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0045

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected kernel crashes, bug checks, or system reboots referencing the AMD Secure Processor driver in crash dumps
• Kernel log entries referencing amdsp, ccp, or AMD ASP driver modules immediately preceding a fault
• Repeated process executions from low-privileged users issuing IOCTLs against the ASP PCI device

Detection Strategies

• Monitor kernel crash telemetry and Windows minidumps or Linux kdump output for faults attributed to the AMD ASP PCI driver
• Audit local user activity against /dev/crypto style device interfaces or AMD ASP device handles for anomalous IOCTL volumes
• Correlate driver crash events with preceding non-administrative process activity to identify exploitation attempts

Monitoring Recommendations

• Forward kernel event logs and crash reports to a centralized logging platform for retrospective analysis
• Track driver versions deployed across the fleet and alert on hosts running outdated AMD chipset packages
• Enable host-based telemetry that records process-to-driver interactions, particularly low-privilege calls to platform security devices

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0045

Immediate Actions Required

• Review AMD Security Bulletin SB-3047 and AMD Security Bulletin SB-4015 to identify affected products in your environment
• Inventory systems running AMD platforms and confirm AMD chipset driver versions
• Apply vendor-supplied updates to the AMD Secure Processor PCI driver as soon as they are available for your platform

Patch Information

AMD has published security bulletins SB-3047 and SB-4015 documenting affected products and fixed driver versions. Administrators should consult both bulletins, identify the relevant platform entries, and deploy the updated AMD chipset driver package distributed through AMD or the system OEM. Validate driver version after installation to confirm remediation.

Workarounds

• Restrict local interactive access to trusted users on affected systems until patches are applied
• Enforce least-privilege policies that prevent untrusted code from executing on platforms running vulnerable ASP drivers
• Monitor for and investigate kernel faults referencing the AMD ASP driver as a compensating control while patching is in progress