CVE-2024-25574: Deltaww DIAEnergie SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2024-25574 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability exists in the GetDIAE_usListParameters function of Delta Electronics DIAEnergie, an industrial energy management system. This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data theft, and unauthorized manipulation of energy management data.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection flaw without authentication to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, and potentially achieve full system compromise of industrial energy management infrastructure.

Affected Products

• Delta Electronics DIAEnergie (all versions prior to patched release)
• deltaww:diaenergie industrial energy management software

Discovery Timeline

• April 1, 2024 - CVE-2024-25574 published to NVD
• February 27, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2024-25574

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affects the GetDIAE_usListParameters function within Delta Electronics DIAEnergie. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL statements through user-controllable input parameters.

DIAEnergie is an industrial energy management system commonly deployed in critical infrastructure environments. The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability combined with the lack of authentication requirements makes it particularly dangerous for exposed systems. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to query, modify, or delete data within the application's database, potentially affecting energy monitoring and management operations.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2024-25574 is insufficient input validation and sanitization within the GetDIAE_usListParameters function. User-supplied input is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper parameterization or escaping, enabling attackers to manipulate query logic through specially crafted input containing SQL metacharacters and commands.

Attack Vector

This vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring any user interaction or prior authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable GetDIAE_usListParameters endpoint. The injected SQL commands are then executed with the privileges of the database user configured for the DIAEnergie application.

The attack surface includes any DIAEnergie instance accessible over the network. Given the industrial nature of this software, successful exploitation could impact energy management operations, compromise sensitive operational data, and potentially serve as a pivot point for further attacks on connected industrial control systems.

Detection Methods for CVE-2024-25574

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database queries or errors in DIAEnergie application logs, particularly involving the GetDIAE_usListParameters function
• Unexpected database operations such as data extraction, modification, or administrative command execution
• HTTP requests to DIAEnergie endpoints containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, semicolons, UNION statements, or comment sequences
• Anomalous outbound network traffic from the DIAEnergie server that may indicate data exfiltration

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting DIAEnergie endpoints
• Implement database activity monitoring to identify suspicious query patterns, unauthorized data access, or privilege escalation attempts
• Enable verbose logging on DIAEnergie application servers and establish baseline behavior for anomaly detection
• Configure network intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor DIAEnergie web server access logs for requests containing suspicious URL parameters or POST data with SQL injection characteristics
• Implement real-time alerting for database errors that may indicate SQL injection attempts
• Track and baseline normal database query patterns to detect deviations that could indicate exploitation
• Review authentication logs for any unauthorized access following potential SQL injection attacks

How to Mitigate CVE-2024-25574

Immediate Actions Required

• Apply the vendor-provided security patch for DIAEnergie as detailed in the CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-24-074-12
• Restrict network access to DIAEnergie systems using firewall rules, VPNs, and network segmentation to limit exposure
• Implement web application firewall rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Conduct a review of database access logs to identify any potential prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

Delta Electronics has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Organizations should review the CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-24-074-12 for detailed patching guidance and updated software versions. Given the critical severity rating, immediate patching is strongly recommended for all affected DIAEnergie deployments.

Workarounds

• Isolate DIAEnergie systems from direct internet access and place them behind a properly configured firewall
• Implement network segmentation to separate DIAEnergie from other critical systems and limit lateral movement potential
• Configure database user accounts used by DIAEnergie with minimal required privileges to reduce the impact of successful SQL injection
• Deploy a web application firewall with SQL injection detection capabilities as an interim protective measure until patching is complete

# Network isolation example - restrict access to DIAEnergie
# Allow access only from trusted management network
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP

# Enable logging for connection attempts
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j LOG --log-prefix "DIAEnergie-Access: "